由于奧密克戎亞型變異株導(dǎo)致新冠病毒感染病例在全美國(guó)范圍內(nèi)激增,兩項(xiàng)新研究為接種疫苗后感染新冠病毒的個(gè)體提供了小小的慰藉,病毒突破疫苗防護(hù)機(jī)制造成這些個(gè)體感染新冠病毒。患者感染病毒后體內(nèi)留下的防御機(jī)制可能比接種第二劑加強(qiáng)針提供的保護(hù)更有效。
其中一項(xiàng)研究由德國(guó)生物技術(shù)公司BioNTech SE進(jìn)行,而第二項(xiàng)研究由華盛頓大學(xué)(University of Washington)與總部位于舊金山的Vir Biotechnology公司合作進(jìn)行。這兩項(xiàng)研究都根據(jù)不同群體的疫苗接種和感染情況來(lái)調(diào)查其免疫反應(yīng)。
根據(jù)美國(guó)疾病控制與預(yù)防中心(CDC)的說(shuō)法,目前,50歲及以上的成年人以及12歲以上的免疫力低的人和接受過(guò)兩劑強(qiáng)生公司(Johnson & Johnson)的楊森(Janssen)疫苗的人都有資格接種第二劑加強(qiáng)針。
BioNTech在研究病毒突破疫苗防護(hù)機(jī)制造成疫苗接種者感染奧密克戎時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn),這些個(gè)體表現(xiàn)出比已經(jīng)接種加強(qiáng)針但并未感染的個(gè)體更好的B細(xì)胞反應(yīng)。B細(xì)胞是一種白細(xì)胞,是人體免疫系統(tǒng)的組成部分,有助于產(chǎn)生抗體。
華盛頓大學(xué)的研究將接種疫苗后感染德爾塔或奧密克戎的人的血液樣本與先感染新冠病毒后接種疫苗的人、接種過(guò)疫苗但從未感染過(guò)新冠病毒的人,以及感染過(guò)新冠病毒但從未接種過(guò)疫苗的人的血液樣本進(jìn)行了比較。
研究發(fā)現(xiàn),接種過(guò)疫苗的人在感染奧密克戎后會(huì)產(chǎn)生抗體,這些抗體對(duì)病毒的其他變體形成了強(qiáng)大的防御機(jī)制。未接種疫苗的人在感染奧密克戎后,卻沒(méi)有產(chǎn)生類似強(qiáng)大的保護(hù)性免疫反應(yīng)。
然而,任何保護(hù),無(wú)論多么強(qiáng)大,都只能持續(xù)一定時(shí)間。接種加強(qiáng)針和先前感染新冠病毒的個(gè)體免疫力都會(huì)在幾個(gè)月后消退。
為了應(yīng)對(duì)預(yù)計(jì)在秋季出現(xiàn)的新的、更大規(guī)模的疫情,美國(guó)疾病控制與預(yù)防中心在上周更新了加強(qiáng)針接種指南。該中心建議,在過(guò)去三個(gè)月中感染新冠病毒的符合條件的個(gè)體應(yīng)該考慮暫緩接種加強(qiáng)針?!叭绻惴蠗l件,你能等嗎?”
對(duì)那些接種第二劑加強(qiáng)針會(huì)阻止他們?cè)诓痪玫膶?lái)接種更多劑量加強(qiáng)針的個(gè)人來(lái)說(shuō),他們也應(yīng)該考慮推遲接種第二劑加強(qiáng)針。美國(guó)疾病控制與預(yù)防中心說(shuō):“在2022年秋季,或者在針對(duì)未來(lái)新冠病毒變體的新疫苗上市時(shí),第二劑加強(qiáng)針可能更重要?!?/p>
安東尼·福奇博士在今年4月首次評(píng)論了新冠病毒感染病例在秋季激增的可能性。本月早些時(shí)候,白宮警告稱,新冠病毒感染病例激增可能使美國(guó)迄今為止記錄的感染病例總數(shù)翻倍。到目前為止,美國(guó)已經(jīng)報(bào)告新冠肺炎確診病例超過(guò)8200萬(wàn)。
在美國(guó)總統(tǒng)喬·拜登最初提出的225億美元用于加強(qiáng)針接種和特異變體疫苗研究的一攬子計(jì)劃被削減至100億美元之后,額外的聯(lián)邦新冠疫情救濟(jì)資金目前被卡在美國(guó)國(guó)會(huì)。白宮3月15日的一份備忘錄稱,缺乏抗疫資金“將產(chǎn)生嚴(yán)重后果,因?yàn)槲覀儗](méi)有能力應(yīng)對(duì)未來(lái)新冠病毒感染病例的激增?!保ㄘ?cái)富中文網(wǎng))
譯者:中慧言-王芳
由于奧密克戎亞型變異株導(dǎo)致新冠病毒感染病例在全美國(guó)范圍內(nèi)激增,兩項(xiàng)新研究為接種疫苗后感染新冠病毒的個(gè)體提供了小小的慰藉,病毒突破疫苗防護(hù)機(jī)制造成這些個(gè)體感染新冠病毒?;颊吒腥静《竞篌w內(nèi)留下的防御機(jī)制可能比接種第二劑加強(qiáng)針提供的保護(hù)更有效。
其中一項(xiàng)研究由德國(guó)生物技術(shù)公司BioNTech SE進(jìn)行,而第二項(xiàng)研究由華盛頓大學(xué)(University of Washington)與總部位于舊金山的Vir Biotechnology公司合作進(jìn)行。這兩項(xiàng)研究都根據(jù)不同群體的疫苗接種和感染情況來(lái)調(diào)查其免疫反應(yīng)。
根據(jù)美國(guó)疾病控制與預(yù)防中心(CDC)的說(shuō)法,目前,50歲及以上的成年人以及12歲以上的免疫力低的人和接受過(guò)兩劑強(qiáng)生公司(Johnson & Johnson)的楊森(Janssen)疫苗的人都有資格接種第二劑加強(qiáng)針。
BioNTech在研究病毒突破疫苗防護(hù)機(jī)制造成疫苗接種者感染奧密克戎時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn),這些個(gè)體表現(xiàn)出比已經(jīng)接種加強(qiáng)針但并未感染的個(gè)體更好的B細(xì)胞反應(yīng)。B細(xì)胞是一種白細(xì)胞,是人體免疫系統(tǒng)的組成部分,有助于產(chǎn)生抗體。
華盛頓大學(xué)的研究將接種疫苗后感染德爾塔或奧密克戎的人的血液樣本與先感染新冠病毒后接種疫苗的人、接種過(guò)疫苗但從未感染過(guò)新冠病毒的人,以及感染過(guò)新冠病毒但從未接種過(guò)疫苗的人的血液樣本進(jìn)行了比較。
研究發(fā)現(xiàn),接種過(guò)疫苗的人在感染奧密克戎后會(huì)產(chǎn)生抗體,這些抗體對(duì)病毒的其他變體形成了強(qiáng)大的防御機(jī)制。未接種疫苗的人在感染奧密克戎后,卻沒(méi)有產(chǎn)生類似強(qiáng)大的保護(hù)性免疫反應(yīng)。
然而,任何保護(hù),無(wú)論多么強(qiáng)大,都只能持續(xù)一定時(shí)間。接種加強(qiáng)針和先前感染新冠病毒的個(gè)體免疫力都會(huì)在幾個(gè)月后消退。
為了應(yīng)對(duì)預(yù)計(jì)在秋季出現(xiàn)的新的、更大規(guī)模的疫情,美國(guó)疾病控制與預(yù)防中心在上周更新了加強(qiáng)針接種指南。該中心建議,在過(guò)去三個(gè)月中感染新冠病毒的符合條件的個(gè)體應(yīng)該考慮暫緩接種加強(qiáng)針?!叭绻惴蠗l件,你能等嗎?”
對(duì)那些接種第二劑加強(qiáng)針會(huì)阻止他們?cè)诓痪玫膶?lái)接種更多劑量加強(qiáng)針的個(gè)人來(lái)說(shuō),他們也應(yīng)該考慮推遲接種第二劑加強(qiáng)針。美國(guó)疾病控制與預(yù)防中心說(shuō):“在2022年秋季,或者在針對(duì)未來(lái)新冠病毒變體的新疫苗上市時(shí),第二劑加強(qiáng)針可能更重要?!?/p>
安東尼·福奇博士在今年4月首次評(píng)論了新冠病毒感染病例在秋季激增的可能性。本月早些時(shí)候,白宮警告稱,新冠病毒感染病例激增可能使美國(guó)迄今為止記錄的感染病例總數(shù)翻倍。到目前為止,美國(guó)已經(jīng)報(bào)告新冠肺炎確診病例超過(guò)8200萬(wàn)。
在美國(guó)總統(tǒng)喬·拜登最初提出的225億美元用于加強(qiáng)針接種和特異變體疫苗研究的一攬子計(jì)劃被削減至100億美元之后,額外的聯(lián)邦新冠疫情救濟(jì)資金目前被卡在美國(guó)國(guó)會(huì)。白宮3月15日的一份備忘錄稱,缺乏抗疫資金“將產(chǎn)生嚴(yán)重后果,因?yàn)槲覀儗](méi)有能力應(yīng)對(duì)未來(lái)新冠病毒感染病例的激增?!保ㄘ?cái)富中文網(wǎng))
譯者:中慧言-王芳
With Omicron subvariants causing COVID cases to jump nationwide, two new studies offer a small consolation for vaccinated individuals who suffer breakthrough infections. The infection leaves you with protections that may be more effective than those offered by a second booster.
One study was conducted by German biotechnology company BioNTech SE and the second by the University of Washington in collaboration with San Francisco-headquartered Vir Biotechnology. Both studies investigated the immune responses of various groups based on their vaccination and infection status.
Currently, adults 50 and over are eligible for a second booster shot, according to the CDC, along with immunocompromised individuals over 12 and those who received two doses of Johnson & Johnson’s Janssen vaccine.
Looking at vaccinated individuals who had a breakthrough Omicron infection, BioNTech found that those individuals showed a better b-cell response than individuals who had been boosted but not infected. B-cells, a type of white blood cell, are a component of the body’s immune system that helps produce antibodies.
The University of Washington’s study compared blood samples of individuals who had been vaccinated and then caught Delta or Omicron with those who had caught COVID first and were then vaccinated, those who had been vaccinated but never infected, and those who were infected and never vaccinated.
The study found that vaccinated individuals who caught Omicron produced antibodies that formed a formidable defense against other variants of the virus. Unvaccinated people who caught Omicron did not have a similarly robust and protective immune response.
However, any protections, no matter how strong, only last so long. The immunity of both boosted and previously infected individuals wears off after several months.
In preparation for a new, larger surge expected in the fall, the CDC updated its vaccination guidance for boosters last week. It suggested that eligible individuals who’ve been infected in the last three months should consider holding off on getting a booster. “If you are eligible, can you wait?”
Individuals for whom a second booster would deter them from getting further doses in the near future should also consider postponing: “A 2nd booster may be more important in fall of 2022, or if a new vaccine for a future COVID-19 variant becomes available,” the CDC said.
Dr. Anthony Fauci first commented on the possibility of a fall surge in April. Earlier this month, the White House warned that a surge could double the total number of infections the U.S. has recorded so far. To date, the U.S. has reported over 82 million cases.
Additional federal COVID relief funds are currently locked up in Congress after President Joe Biden’s initial $22.5 billion package for boosters and variant-specific vaccines was whittled to $10 billion. A White House memo from March 15 said that a lack of COVID funding “will have severe consequences as we will not be equipped to deal with a future surge.”