英國(guó)研究人員給“星期日恐慌”這種說(shuō)法,賦予了全新的含義。在英國(guó)心血管病學(xué)會(huì)大會(huì)(British Cardiovascular Society Conference)上發(fā)布的一項(xiàng)研究顯示,最嚴(yán)重的心臟病發(fā)作類(lèi)型,在周一出現(xiàn)的可能性高于每周的其他任何日期。
貝爾法斯特健康和社會(huì)護(hù)理信托(Belfast Health and Social Care Trust)和愛(ài)爾蘭皇家外科醫(yī)學(xué)院(Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland)的醫(yī)生分析了愛(ài)爾蘭1萬(wàn)多名患者的數(shù)據(jù),這些患者2013年至2018年期間因?yàn)樽顕?yán)重的心臟病發(fā)作(又稱(chēng)ST段抬高型心肌梗死,STEMI)住院。這類(lèi)心臟病會(huì)在主冠狀動(dòng)脈被完全堵塞時(shí)發(fā)作。
研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn),每個(gè)工作周的開(kāi)始幾天STEMI發(fā)作的比例大幅提高,其中周一的STEMI發(fā)作率最高。令人意外的是,周日的STEMI心臟病發(fā)作率同樣高于預(yù)期。
為什么周一更容易心臟病發(fā)作?
科學(xué)家們一直無(wú)法解釋這種所謂的“憂(yōu)郁星期一”現(xiàn)象。之前的研究表明,周一更有可能心臟病發(fā)作的原因是人體生物鐘,或者正常的睡眠-覺(jué)醒周期。
來(lái)自貝爾法斯特健康和社會(huì)護(hù)理信托的心臟病專(zhuān)家杰克·拉芬醫(yī)生是該項(xiàng)研究的負(fù)責(zé)人。他在有關(guān)該項(xiàng)研究的一份新聞稿中表示:“我們發(fā)現(xiàn),工作周開(kāi)始和STEMI發(fā)作之間存在密切的統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)上的相互關(guān)系。以前曾經(jīng)有人描述過(guò)這種關(guān)系,但我們依舊感到好奇。存在這種關(guān)系的原因可能是多方面的。但根據(jù)之前的研究結(jié)果,我們可以合理假設(shè)它與人體生物鐘有關(guān)?!?/p>
英國(guó)有3萬(wàn)多名患者因STEMI發(fā)作住院,這類(lèi)心臟病發(fā)作需要緊急評(píng)估和治療。通常情況下,這類(lèi)心臟病的治療需要立即進(jìn)行血管成形術(shù),重新打開(kāi)被堵塞的冠狀動(dòng)脈。
令人擔(dān)憂(yōu)的不只是每周的哪一天更容易發(fā)作心臟病。美國(guó)心臟協(xié)會(huì)(American Heart Association,AHA)發(fā)現(xiàn),相比每年的其他時(shí)間,人們?cè)?2月最后一周最有可能死于心臟病發(fā)作。在每年的這段時(shí)間,日常生活、睡眠、鍛煉和飲食習(xí)慣的變化,可能使人們面臨與心臟病有關(guān)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。
心臟病發(fā)作會(huì)有哪些跡象?
心臟病發(fā)作的跡象包括:
胸痛/胸部有壓迫感
惡心
胳膊或肩膀不適
后背、頸部和下頜疼痛
感覺(jué)虛弱或頭暈?zāi)垦?/p>
呼吸困難
但美國(guó)心臟協(xié)會(huì)表示,女性和男性的癥狀不同,女性可能出現(xiàn)更微妙的癥狀,如惡心、嘔吐、呼吸淺短和后背或下頜疼痛等。如果你或身邊的人開(kāi)始感覺(jué)有心臟病發(fā)作的癥狀,應(yīng)該立即撥打急救電話(huà)。
心臟病發(fā)作和心臟驟停有什么區(qū)別?
雖然心臟病發(fā)作可能引發(fā)心臟驟停,但兩者并不完全相同。心臟病學(xué)專(zhuān)家、克利夫蘭醫(yī)學(xué)中心(Cleveland Clinic)運(yùn)動(dòng)心臟學(xué)聯(lián)席主任邁克爾·埃梅里醫(yī)生曾對(duì)《財(cái)富》雜志表示,心臟驟停是由心臟電系統(tǒng)失靈導(dǎo)致的,而心臟病發(fā)作則主要是心臟動(dòng)脈中的血液循環(huán)問(wèn)題。
他表示:“如果心臟病發(fā)作導(dǎo)致一條動(dòng)脈被嚴(yán)重堵塞,心肌供血就會(huì)突然停止。而[心臟驟停]發(fā)作的原因通常是心室顫動(dòng)[一種心律不齊]導(dǎo)致心臟電信號(hào)混亂無(wú)規(guī)律。當(dāng)心臟跳動(dòng)混亂且無(wú)規(guī)律時(shí),就無(wú)法向人體其他部位充分泵血,因此會(huì)發(fā)生心臟驟停?!?/p>
改善心臟健康的方法
雖然有一半美國(guó)人存在三個(gè)誘發(fā)心臟病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)因素之一,包括高血壓、高膽固醇和吸煙,但有一些方法可以降低心臟病發(fā)作的概率:
定期參加體育活動(dòng)
健康飲食
戒煙
維持健康體重
監(jiān)測(cè)血壓、膽固醇和糖尿病
遵醫(yī)囑用藥
與醫(yī)療團(tuán)隊(duì)密切合作
英國(guó)心臟基金會(huì)(British Heart Foundation)教授兼醫(yī)學(xué)主任奈爾什·薩瑪尼在同一份新聞稿中表示:“這項(xiàng)研究提供了證明嚴(yán)重心臟病發(fā)作時(shí)間的最新證據(jù),但我們現(xiàn)在需要分析的是哪些原因?qū)е略诿恐艿哪承┤掌诟菀装l(fā)作心臟病。這還可以幫助醫(yī)生更好地了解這種致命的狀況,未來(lái)可以拯救更多生命?!保ㄘ?cái)富中文網(wǎng))
譯者:劉進(jìn)龍
審校:汪皓
英國(guó)研究人員給“星期日恐慌”這種說(shuō)法,賦予了全新的含義。在英國(guó)心血管病學(xué)會(huì)大會(huì)(British Cardiovascular Society Conference)上發(fā)布的一項(xiàng)研究顯示,最嚴(yán)重的心臟病發(fā)作類(lèi)型,在周一出現(xiàn)的可能性高于每周的其他任何日期。
貝爾法斯特健康和社會(huì)護(hù)理信托(Belfast Health and Social Care Trust)和愛(ài)爾蘭皇家外科醫(yī)學(xué)院(Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland)的醫(yī)生分析了愛(ài)爾蘭1萬(wàn)多名患者的數(shù)據(jù),這些患者2013年至2018年期間因?yàn)樽顕?yán)重的心臟病發(fā)作(又稱(chēng)ST段抬高型心肌梗死,STEMI)住院。這類(lèi)心臟病會(huì)在主冠狀動(dòng)脈被完全堵塞時(shí)發(fā)作。
研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn),每個(gè)工作周的開(kāi)始幾天STEMI發(fā)作的比例大幅提高,其中周一的STEMI發(fā)作率最高。令人意外的是,周日的STEMI心臟病發(fā)作率同樣高于預(yù)期。
為什么周一更容易心臟病發(fā)作?
科學(xué)家們一直無(wú)法解釋這種所謂的“憂(yōu)郁星期一”現(xiàn)象。之前的研究表明,周一更有可能心臟病發(fā)作的原因是人體生物鐘,或者正常的睡眠-覺(jué)醒周期。
來(lái)自貝爾法斯特健康和社會(huì)護(hù)理信托的心臟病專(zhuān)家杰克·拉芬醫(yī)生是該項(xiàng)研究的負(fù)責(zé)人。他在有關(guān)該項(xiàng)研究的一份新聞稿中表示:“我們發(fā)現(xiàn),工作周開(kāi)始和STEMI發(fā)作之間存在密切的統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)上的相互關(guān)系。以前曾經(jīng)有人描述過(guò)這種關(guān)系,但我們依舊感到好奇。存在這種關(guān)系的原因可能是多方面的。但根據(jù)之前的研究結(jié)果,我們可以合理假設(shè)它與人體生物鐘有關(guān)。”
英國(guó)有3萬(wàn)多名患者因STEMI發(fā)作住院,這類(lèi)心臟病發(fā)作需要緊急評(píng)估和治療。通常情況下,這類(lèi)心臟病的治療需要立即進(jìn)行血管成形術(shù),重新打開(kāi)被堵塞的冠狀動(dòng)脈。
令人擔(dān)憂(yōu)的不只是每周的哪一天更容易發(fā)作心臟病。美國(guó)心臟協(xié)會(huì)(American Heart Association,AHA)發(fā)現(xiàn),相比每年的其他時(shí)間,人們?cè)?2月最后一周最有可能死于心臟病發(fā)作。在每年的這段時(shí)間,日常生活、睡眠、鍛煉和飲食習(xí)慣的變化,可能使人們面臨與心臟病有關(guān)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。
心臟病發(fā)作會(huì)有哪些跡象?
心臟病發(fā)作的跡象包括:
胸痛/胸部有壓迫感
惡心
胳膊或肩膀不適
后背、頸部和下頜疼痛
感覺(jué)虛弱或頭暈?zāi)垦?/p>
呼吸困難
但美國(guó)心臟協(xié)會(huì)表示,女性和男性的癥狀不同,女性可能出現(xiàn)更微妙的癥狀,如惡心、嘔吐、呼吸淺短和后背或下頜疼痛等。如果你或身邊的人開(kāi)始感覺(jué)有心臟病發(fā)作的癥狀,應(yīng)該立即撥打急救電話(huà)。
心臟病發(fā)作和心臟驟停有什么區(qū)別?
雖然心臟病發(fā)作可能引發(fā)心臟驟停,但兩者并不完全相同。心臟病學(xué)專(zhuān)家、克利夫蘭醫(yī)學(xué)中心(Cleveland Clinic)運(yùn)動(dòng)心臟學(xué)聯(lián)席主任邁克爾·埃梅里醫(yī)生曾對(duì)《財(cái)富》雜志表示,心臟驟停是由心臟電系統(tǒng)失靈導(dǎo)致的,而心臟病發(fā)作則主要是心臟動(dòng)脈中的血液循環(huán)問(wèn)題。
他表示:“如果心臟病發(fā)作導(dǎo)致一條動(dòng)脈被嚴(yán)重堵塞,心肌供血就會(huì)突然停止。而[心臟驟停]發(fā)作的原因通常是心室顫動(dòng)[一種心律不齊]導(dǎo)致心臟電信號(hào)混亂無(wú)規(guī)律。當(dāng)心臟跳動(dòng)混亂且無(wú)規(guī)律時(shí),就無(wú)法向人體其他部位充分泵血,因此會(huì)發(fā)生心臟驟停?!?/p>
改善心臟健康的方法
雖然有一半美國(guó)人存在三個(gè)誘發(fā)心臟病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)因素之一,包括高血壓、高膽固醇和吸煙,但有一些方法可以降低心臟病發(fā)作的概率:
定期參加體育活動(dòng)
健康飲食
戒煙
維持健康體重
監(jiān)測(cè)血壓、膽固醇和糖尿病
遵醫(yī)囑用藥
與醫(yī)療團(tuán)隊(duì)密切合作
英國(guó)心臟基金會(huì)(British Heart Foundation)教授兼醫(yī)學(xué)主任奈爾什·薩瑪尼在同一份新聞稿中表示:“這項(xiàng)研究提供了證明嚴(yán)重心臟病發(fā)作時(shí)間的最新證據(jù),但我們現(xiàn)在需要分析的是哪些原因?qū)е略诿恐艿哪承┤掌诟菀装l(fā)作心臟病。這還可以幫助醫(yī)生更好地了解這種致命的狀況,未來(lái)可以拯救更多生命?!保ㄘ?cái)富中文網(wǎng))
譯者:劉進(jìn)龍
審校:汪皓
British researchers have given new meaning to the phrase, “Sunday scaries.” According to research presented at the British Cardiovascular Society Conference, the most serious types of heart attacks are more likely to happen on Monday than any other day of the week.
Doctors at the Belfast Health and Social Care Trust and the Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland analyzed data from more than 10,000 patients across Ireland who had been admitted to the hospital between 2013 and 2018 with the most serious type of heart attack, also known as a ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). This type of heart attack occurs when a major coronary artery is completely blocked.
Researchers found that a surge in rates of STEMI heart attacks occurred at the start of the working week, with the highest rates found on Mondays. The rates of STEMI heart attacks were also higher than expected on Sundays.
Why are heart attacks more prominent on Monday?
The phenomenon, known as “blue Monday,” has scientists stumped. Previous studies have suggested that heart attacks may be more likely to take place on a Monday due to the body’s circadian rhythm, or natural sleep-wake cycle.
“We’ve found a strong statistical correlation between the start of the working week and the incidence of STEMI,” cardiologist Dr. Jack Laffan, who led the research at the Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, said in a press release about the study. “This has been described before but remains a curiosity. The cause is likely multifactorial. However, based on what we know from previous studies, it is reasonable to presume a circadian element.”
More than 30,000 hospital admissions in the United Kingdom are due to STEMI heart attacks, which require emergency assessment and treatment. Typically such treatment involves an emergency angioplasty, which is a procedure to reopen blocked coronary arteries.
And it’s not just the day of the week that may be cause for concern. The American Heart Association (AHA) has found that people die the most from heart attacks in the last week of December compared to any other time of the year. The change in routine, sleep and exercise schedules, as well as diet, may put people at risk for heart-related problems during that time of year.
What are the signs of a heart attack?
Signs of a heart attack can include:
Chest pain/pressure in the chest
Nausea
Discomfort in an arm or shoulder
Back, neck, and jaw pain
Feeling weak or faint
Trouble breathing
However, symptoms differ in women and men, whereas women may experience more subtle symptoms like nausea, vomiting, shortness of breath, and back or jaw pain, according to the American Heart Association. You should call 911 immediately if you or someone around you begins to feel symptoms of a heart attack.
What is the difference between a heart attack and cardiac arrest?
While a heart attack can cause cardiac arrest, the two are not the same. Whereas cardiac arrest occurs when the heart’s electrical system malfunctions, a heart attack is more of a circulation problem in one of the arteries in the heart, Dr. Michael Emery, cardiologist and codirector of the sports cardiology center at Cleveland Clinic, previously told Fortune.
“When one of those arteries gets acutely blocked from a heart attack, then there’s a sudden lack of blood flow to part of the muscle of the heart,” he said. “Meanwhile, [cardiac arrest] is when the electricity becomes disorganized and chaotic, often from ventricular fibrillation [a type of irregular heartbeat]. And when the heart is disorganized and chaotic, it can’t adequately pump blood to the rest of the body, hence the arrest part.”
Ways to improve your heart health
Although half of Americans have one of three risk factors of heart disease, including high blood pressure, high cholesterol, and smoking, there are ways you can lower your chances of a heart attack:
Engage in regular physical activity
Eat a healthy diet
Quit smoking
Maintain a healthy weight
Monitor your blood pressure, cholesterol, and diabetes
Take your medication as directed
Work closely with your health care team
“This study adds to evidence around the timing of particularly serious heart attacks, but we now need to unpick what it is about certain days of the week that makes them more likely,” Sir Nilesh Samani, a professor and medical director at the British Heart Foundation, said in the same release. “Doing so could help doctors better understand this deadly condition so we can save more lives in future.”