長期以來,美國一直在努力提供足夠的經(jīng)濟適用房,但過去幾十年,經(jīng)濟適用房不足的問題卻變得日益嚴重,而且在新冠疫情之后變得更加尖銳。最新數(shù)據(jù)顯示,下一代人所面臨的情況并沒有好轉。
事實上,Intuit Credit Karma對1,249名美國成年人的最新調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn),由于沒有能力租房或自己買房,31%的Z世代選擇與父母或家人同住。
首先需要介紹一些背景信息:Z世代是指1997年至2012年出生的一代人,目前年齡為11歲至26歲。雖然十一二歲的青少年與家庭成員同住不值得大驚小怪,但Credit Karma的調(diào)查中還包括了18歲及以上的受訪者。
對于足以獨立生活的Z世代,Credit Karma的調(diào)查和其他數(shù)據(jù)均表明,在住房成本方面,Z世代是特別不幸的一代人。尤其是在2020年代初,低利率曾經(jīng)幫助千禧一代終于進入了房地產(chǎn)市場,但低利率時代已經(jīng)一去不復返;現(xiàn)在,隨著越來越多Z世代畢業(yè)、進入職場和考慮成家,他們要面對更高的利率和更高的房價,還有有限的供應。
租房市場同樣不容樂觀:2022年,美國普通租客“租房負擔過重”,這意味著30%的中位數(shù)收入被用于支付平均房租,這是史上首次出現(xiàn)這種狀況。雖然2023年的收入增長速度超過了房租增長速度,這給租客帶來了一些幫助,但據(jù)穆迪分析(Moody’s Analytics)統(tǒng)計,全美房租與收入比率依舊為30%,達到這個比例就被認為租房負擔過重。
當然,并非只有Z世代面臨問題。報告發(fā)現(xiàn),在美國所有租房的成年人中,有24%的人表示再也支付不起房租,這導致約40%的租客為了支付住房賬單,不得不犧牲必需品消費。但千禧一代和Z世代面臨的處境更加艱難:分別有30%和27%的千禧一代和Z世代無力支付房租,而69歲及以上的租客無力支付房租的比例只有10%。
昂貴的房租不僅會影響日常財務狀況,還會造成深遠的影響,包括導致租客為買房而存錢變得更加困難。Credit Karma的調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn),近半數(shù)(46%)美國人認為,他們永遠也買不起房(原因同樣是抵押貸款利率和通貨膨脹)。據(jù)美國房地產(chǎn)經(jīng)紀人協(xié)會(Association of Realtors)統(tǒng)計,2023年,普通首次購房人的年齡為36歲。這創(chuàng)下了歷史新高,而且他們比年齡最大的Z世代足足大了10歲。
這意味著,盡管房租節(jié)節(jié)攀升,更多Z世代依舊會在更長的時間內(nèi)租房。因此,許多Z世代選擇與父母同住也就不足為奇。有專家表示,這種趨勢早已存在,例如在大衰退(Great Recession)期間財務狀況惡化的千禧一代,但在新冠疫情期間,這種趨勢愈演愈烈。Zillow的分析顯示,2020年3月和4月,約有270萬美國成年人搬去與一位父母或祖父母同住;美國人口普查局(U.S. Census Bureau)的數(shù)據(jù)則顯示,過去20年,年輕人與父母同住的比例超過了87%。新冠疫情之后的通貨膨脹,導致許多年輕人沒有能力搬出父母家。
即使有些人有能力單獨居住,他們也需要父母的幫助。Redfin最近的一項調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn),40%的30歲以下購房人在支付首付時,獲得了家人的幫助。Credit Karma的調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn),30%的Z世代和39%的千禧一代表示,他們買房依賴家人的資助。(財富中文網(wǎng))
譯者:劉進龍
審校:汪皓
長期以來,美國一直在努力提供足夠的經(jīng)濟適用房,但過去幾十年,經(jīng)濟適用房不足的問題卻變得日益嚴重,而且在新冠疫情之后變得更加尖銳。最新數(shù)據(jù)顯示,下一代人所面臨的情況并沒有好轉。
事實上,Intuit Credit Karma對1,249名美國成年人的最新調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn),由于沒有能力租房或自己買房,31%的Z世代選擇與父母或家人同住。
首先需要介紹一些背景信息:Z世代是指1997年至2012年出生的一代人,目前年齡為11歲至26歲。雖然十一二歲的青少年與家庭成員同住不值得大驚小怪,但Credit Karma的調(diào)查中還包括了18歲及以上的受訪者。
對于足以獨立生活的Z世代,Credit Karma的調(diào)查和其他數(shù)據(jù)均表明,在住房成本方面,Z世代是特別不幸的一代人。尤其是在2020年代初,低利率曾經(jīng)幫助千禧一代終于進入了房地產(chǎn)市場,但低利率時代已經(jīng)一去不復返;現(xiàn)在,隨著越來越多Z世代畢業(yè)、進入職場和考慮成家,他們要面對更高的利率和更高的房價,還有有限的供應。
租房市場同樣不容樂觀:2022年,美國普通租客“租房負擔過重”,這意味著30%的中位數(shù)收入被用于支付平均房租,這是史上首次出現(xiàn)這種狀況。雖然2023年的收入增長速度超過了房租增長速度,這給租客帶來了一些幫助,但據(jù)穆迪分析(Moody’s Analytics)統(tǒng)計,全美房租與收入比率依舊為30%,達到這個比例就被認為租房負擔過重。
當然,并非只有Z世代面臨問題。報告發(fā)現(xiàn),在美國所有租房的成年人中,有24%的人表示再也支付不起房租,這導致約40%的租客為了支付住房賬單,不得不犧牲必需品消費。但千禧一代和Z世代面臨的處境更加艱難:分別有30%和27%的千禧一代和Z世代無力支付房租,而69歲及以上的租客無力支付房租的比例只有10%。
昂貴的房租不僅會影響日常財務狀況,還會造成深遠的影響,包括導致租客為買房而存錢變得更加困難。Credit Karma的調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn),近半數(shù)(46%)美國人認為,他們永遠也買不起房(原因同樣是抵押貸款利率和通貨膨脹)。據(jù)美國房地產(chǎn)經(jīng)紀人協(xié)會(Association of Realtors)統(tǒng)計,2023年,普通首次購房人的年齡為36歲。這創(chuàng)下了歷史新高,而且他們比年齡最大的Z世代足足大了10歲。
這意味著,盡管房租節(jié)節(jié)攀升,更多Z世代依舊會在更長的時間內(nèi)租房。因此,許多Z世代選擇與父母同住也就不足為奇。有專家表示,這種趨勢早已存在,例如在大衰退(Great Recession)期間財務狀況惡化的千禧一代,但在新冠疫情期間,這種趨勢愈演愈烈。Zillow的分析顯示,2020年3月和4月,約有270萬美國成年人搬去與一位父母或祖父母同??;美國人口普查局(U.S. Census Bureau)的數(shù)據(jù)則顯示,過去20年,年輕人與父母同住的比例超過了87%。新冠疫情之后的通貨膨脹,導致許多年輕人沒有能力搬出父母家。
即使有些人有能力單獨居住,他們也需要父母的幫助。Redfin最近的一項調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn),40%的30歲以下購房人在支付首付時,獲得了家人的幫助。Credit Karma的調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn),30%的Z世代和39%的千禧一代表示,他們買房依賴家人的資助。(財富中文網(wǎng))
譯者:劉進龍
審校:汪皓
America has long struggled to provide adequate affordable housing, an issue that’s become increasingly dire over the past few decades and supercharged since the pandemic. Now, new data is showing that things aren’t improving much for the next generation.
In fact, 31% of Gen Z live with a parent or family member because they can’t afford to rent or buy their own place, a new survey of 1,249 U.S. adults from Intuit Credit Karma finds.
First, some context: Gen Z spans those born between 1997 and 2012, currently aged 11 to 26. While it isn’t exactly newsworthy that 11 and 12-year-olds would live with a family member, Credit Karma’s survey includes responses from those 18 and older.
For the members of the generation old enough to live on their own, Credit Karma’s survey and other data are starting to paint a picture that Gen Z is be particularly unlucky when it comes to housing costs. Gone are the days of low interest rates that helped millennials finally break into the market, particularly at the start of the 2020s; now, as more and more members of Gen Z graduate from school, kick off their careers, and consider a starter home, they are facing higher rates and higher housing prices, all with limited supply.
Renting isn’t any better: In 2022, the typical American renter became rent burdened—meaning 30% of the median income is now needed to pay the average rent—for the first time. While income growth that finally outpaced rent growth in 2023 helped renters some, the national rent-to-income ratio still sits at 30%, according to Moody’s Analytics, which is considered rent burdened.
Gen Zers certainly aren’t the only ones struggling—of U.S. adults across generations who rent, 24% say they can’t afford their rent anymore, the report finds, causing almost 40% to sacrifice necessities to pay their housing bill. But the hardship is exacerbated among millennials and Gen Z: 30% and 27%, respectively, are struggling to pay their rent, versus 10% of those who are at least 69.
Expensive rent has far-reaching consequences beyond the daily financial struggle, including making it more difficult to save for a home. To that end, Credit Karma’s survey finds nearly half of Americans, 46%, believe they will never own one (mortgage rates and inflation are also to blame). In 2023, the typical first-time homeowner was 36 years old, according to the Association of Realtors. That’s a record high, and a full decade older than the oldest Gen Zer.
That means more Gen Zers are renting for longer, even as those costs creep higher and higher, too. No wonder so many are staying with mom and dad. It’s long been a trend—just ask millennials who got financially backtracked during the Great Recession—but it picked up during the pandemic, some experts say. Around 2.7 million adults in the U.S. moved in with a parent or grandparent in March and April of 2020, according to a Zillow analysis; U.S. Census Bureau data finds the percentage of young adults living at home has climbed over 87% over the past two decades. With the inflation that followed in the pandemic’s wake, many young people haven’t been able to move out.
When they are able to move out, many can only do so with a parent’s help. A recent survey from Redfin found 40% of buyers under 30 get help from family to afford a down payment. Credit Karma’s survey found 30% of Gen Z and 39% of millennials say they are dependent on money from family to buy a home.