每年,當(dāng)大多數(shù)美國(guó)人都在裝飾圣誕樹(shù)、制作姜餅屋的時(shí)候,一些有市場(chǎng)頭腦的記者卻在忙著針對(duì)大型投資銀行對(duì)來(lái)年股市和經(jīng)濟(jì)的預(yù)測(cè)進(jìn)行詳細(xì)報(bào)道。美國(guó)銀行(Bank of America)、摩根大通(JPMorgan Chase)、高盛(Goldman Sachs),所有這些大公司都在年終展望文章中占據(jù)顯著位置,但有趣的是,亞德尼研究公司(Yardeni Research)的創(chuàng)始人埃德·亞德尼(Ed Yardeni)也在其中。
亞德尼并沒(méi)有經(jīng)營(yíng)投資銀行,其公司提供類(lèi)似于精品賣(mài)方投資咨詢(xún)服務(wù),但他多年來(lái)?yè)?dān)任首席投資策略師、經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)教授和美聯(lián)儲(chǔ)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家的經(jīng)驗(yàn),為他贏得了華爾街頂級(jí)分析師的聲譽(yù)。這意味著亞德尼經(jīng)常做出有先見(jiàn)之明的預(yù)測(cè),值得密切關(guān)注。畢竟,當(dāng)大多數(shù)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家仍在預(yù)測(cè)經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退時(shí),他是少數(shù)幾個(gè)對(duì)去年股市反彈做出準(zhǔn)確預(yù)測(cè)的分析師之一。
近日,亞德尼撰文概述了本十年股市(和經(jīng)濟(jì))的三種回歸情景。這三種“歷史先例”中的兩種將是投資者喜聞樂(lè)見(jiàn)的,而另一種則可能是一場(chǎng)噩夢(mèng)。
以下是華爾街最受尊敬的專(zhuān)家之一對(duì)2024年美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)和股市重返未來(lái)的看法。
20世紀(jì)20年代——60%的幾率
一系列積極的經(jīng)濟(jì)數(shù)據(jù)——包括樂(lè)觀的通脹數(shù)據(jù)、零售銷(xiāo)售報(bào)告和消費(fèi)者信心調(diào)查——使得三大股指中的兩大股指在上周創(chuàng)下歷史新高。亞德尼表示,美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)極有可能走向“咆哮的二十年代”。
這位資深經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家和市場(chǎng)觀察人士表示,利率下降、通脹消退,以及人工智能和機(jī)器人等新技術(shù)的應(yīng)用所帶來(lái)的生產(chǎn)率增長(zhǎng)相結(jié)合,最終將有助于迎來(lái)一個(gè)增長(zhǎng)和富足的時(shí)代。
自2020年以來(lái),亞德尼一直在強(qiáng)調(diào)“咆哮的二十年代”的觀點(diǎn),最近他提出,由于即將到來(lái)的經(jīng)濟(jì)繁榮,標(biāo)準(zhǔn)普爾500指數(shù)將在2025年底飆升25%,達(dá)到6000點(diǎn)。
他解釋說(shuō),這一情景的“基本前提”是,“長(zhǎng)期勞動(dòng)力短缺”將迫使企業(yè)在未來(lái)十年依靠技術(shù)創(chuàng)新來(lái)提高生產(chǎn)率,而從人工智能到3D打印等創(chuàng)新技術(shù)都將實(shí)現(xiàn)這一目標(biāo)。生產(chǎn)率的提高應(yīng)能帶來(lái)持續(xù)的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)、“抑制”通脹,提高利潤(rùn)率,而長(zhǎng)期勞動(dòng)力短缺將有助于工資增長(zhǎng)。
自2022年3月以來(lái),美聯(lián)儲(chǔ)為了對(duì)抗通脹而采取加息舉措,在“咆哮的二十年代”情景中,美聯(lián)儲(chǔ)也可能采取降息舉措。亞德尼認(rèn)為,股市投資者將賺得盆滿缽滿。他認(rèn)為,“咆哮的二十年代”有60%的可能性成為現(xiàn)實(shí)。
20世紀(jì)70年代——20%的幾率
即使是運(yùn)行良好的經(jīng)濟(jì)機(jī)器,地緣政治沖突也會(huì)對(duì)其造成破壞。20世紀(jì)70年代,1973年贖罪日戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)和1979年伊朗革命之后的兩次石油價(jià)格沖擊,使通脹率在長(zhǎng)達(dá)十多年的時(shí)間里居高不下。如今(在更短的時(shí)間段內(nèi)),俄烏沖突以及以色列-哈馬斯戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)有可能讓我們重返那個(gè)時(shí)代。
2022年俄烏沖突爆發(fā)時(shí),消費(fèi)者和企業(yè)已經(jīng)體會(huì)到天然氣和石油價(jià)格飆升帶來(lái)的影響。在過(guò)去的幾個(gè)月里,胡塞武裝在以色列-哈馬斯戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)期間襲擊了紅海的貨船,導(dǎo)致海運(yùn)費(fèi)飆升。
不過(guò),亞德尼指出,盡管出現(xiàn)了這些情況,但通脹仍在放緩。原油市場(chǎng)供應(yīng)充足,這有助于防止出現(xiàn)像20世紀(jì)70年代紅海危機(jī)期間那樣嚴(yán)重的油價(jià)沖擊。
亞德尼表示:“仍有可能出現(xiàn)20世紀(jì)70年代發(fā)生的第二次能源通脹沖擊。”不過(guò),他補(bǔ)充說(shuō),“如果中東沖突局勢(shì)持續(xù)失控,油價(jià)可能再次飆升。在這種情況下,美聯(lián)儲(chǔ)將被迫加息,從而導(dǎo)致經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退。”
對(duì)于股市投資者來(lái)說(shuō),這種通脹反彈和經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退的情景將是一場(chǎng)噩夢(mèng)。亞德尼寫(xiě)道,在這十年中,他們最終將虧得一塌糊涂。
20世紀(jì)90年代——20%的幾率
隨著人工智能和機(jī)器人技術(shù)的蓬勃發(fā)展,當(dāng)前的經(jīng)濟(jì)時(shí)代與20世紀(jì)90年代的互聯(lián)網(wǎng)泡沫也有一些相似之處。
亞德尼解釋說(shuō):“在這一時(shí)代,美聯(lián)儲(chǔ)開(kāi)始擔(dān)心通脹率跌破2%,即使經(jīng)濟(jì)表現(xiàn)依然良好,美聯(lián)儲(chǔ)也會(huì)通過(guò)大幅降息來(lái)應(yīng)對(duì)?!?/p>
他補(bǔ)充說(shuō),如果美聯(lián)儲(chǔ)迅速降息,結(jié)果將是“股市崩盤(pán),首當(dāng)其沖的是科技股”。這很容易讓人聯(lián)想起20世紀(jì)90年代的互聯(lián)網(wǎng)泡沫,當(dāng)時(shí)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)股票飆升至難以為繼的高度。但亞德尼警告說(shuō),這種情景的最終結(jié)果也很像20世紀(jì)90年代,即崩盤(pán)。
他認(rèn)為,低利率將導(dǎo)致科技股和其他資產(chǎn)出現(xiàn)“泡沫”。消費(fèi)者因這一泡沫而不斷增加的凈資產(chǎn)將轉(zhuǎn)化為“另一輪價(jià)格通脹”,迫使美聯(lián)儲(chǔ)加息,像2000年初那樣戳破泡沫。
對(duì)于投資者來(lái)說(shuō),這種情景聽(tīng)起來(lái)可能很可怕,但它很可能會(huì)帶來(lái)一些重大機(jī)遇。亞德尼寫(xiě)道:“在這種情況下,非理性繁榮將卷土重來(lái)?!彼J(rèn)為,科技股的估值可能會(huì)飆升到2000年初以來(lái)從未見(jiàn)過(guò)的水平。"對(duì)于股票投資者來(lái)說(shuō),只要這一情況持續(xù)下去,就會(huì)帶來(lái)繁榮?!保ㄘ?cái)富中文網(wǎng))
譯者:中慧言-王芳
每年,當(dāng)大多數(shù)美國(guó)人都在裝飾圣誕樹(shù)、制作姜餅屋的時(shí)候,一些有市場(chǎng)頭腦的記者卻在忙著針對(duì)大型投資銀行對(duì)來(lái)年股市和經(jīng)濟(jì)的預(yù)測(cè)進(jìn)行詳細(xì)報(bào)道。美國(guó)銀行(Bank of America)、摩根大通(JPMorgan Chase)、高盛(Goldman Sachs),所有這些大公司都在年終展望文章中占據(jù)顯著位置,但有趣的是,亞德尼研究公司(Yardeni Research)的創(chuàng)始人埃德·亞德尼(Ed Yardeni)也在其中。
亞德尼并沒(méi)有經(jīng)營(yíng)投資銀行,其公司提供類(lèi)似于精品賣(mài)方投資咨詢(xún)服務(wù),但他多年來(lái)?yè)?dān)任首席投資策略師、經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)教授和美聯(lián)儲(chǔ)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家的經(jīng)驗(yàn),為他贏得了華爾街頂級(jí)分析師的聲譽(yù)。這意味著亞德尼經(jīng)常做出有先見(jiàn)之明的預(yù)測(cè),值得密切關(guān)注。畢竟,當(dāng)大多數(shù)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家仍在預(yù)測(cè)經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退時(shí),他是少數(shù)幾個(gè)對(duì)去年股市反彈做出準(zhǔn)確預(yù)測(cè)的分析師之一。
近日,亞德尼撰文概述了本十年股市(和經(jīng)濟(jì))的三種回歸情景。這三種“歷史先例”中的兩種將是投資者喜聞樂(lè)見(jiàn)的,而另一種則可能是一場(chǎng)噩夢(mèng)。
以下是華爾街最受尊敬的專(zhuān)家之一對(duì)2024年美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)和股市重返未來(lái)的看法。
20世紀(jì)20年代——60%的幾率
一系列積極的經(jīng)濟(jì)數(shù)據(jù)——包括樂(lè)觀的通脹數(shù)據(jù)、零售銷(xiāo)售報(bào)告和消費(fèi)者信心調(diào)查——使得三大股指中的兩大股指在上周創(chuàng)下歷史新高。亞德尼表示,美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)極有可能走向“咆哮的二十年代”。
這位資深經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家和市場(chǎng)觀察人士表示,利率下降、通脹消退,以及人工智能和機(jī)器人等新技術(shù)的應(yīng)用所帶來(lái)的生產(chǎn)率增長(zhǎng)相結(jié)合,最終將有助于迎來(lái)一個(gè)增長(zhǎng)和富足的時(shí)代。
自2020年以來(lái),亞德尼一直在強(qiáng)調(diào)“咆哮的二十年代”的觀點(diǎn),最近他提出,由于即將到來(lái)的經(jīng)濟(jì)繁榮,標(biāo)準(zhǔn)普爾500指數(shù)將在2025年底飆升25%,達(dá)到6000點(diǎn)。
他解釋說(shuō),這一情景的“基本前提”是,“長(zhǎng)期勞動(dòng)力短缺”將迫使企業(yè)在未來(lái)十年依靠技術(shù)創(chuàng)新來(lái)提高生產(chǎn)率,而從人工智能到3D打印等創(chuàng)新技術(shù)都將實(shí)現(xiàn)這一目標(biāo)。生產(chǎn)率的提高應(yīng)能帶來(lái)持續(xù)的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)、“抑制”通脹,提高利潤(rùn)率,而長(zhǎng)期勞動(dòng)力短缺將有助于工資增長(zhǎng)。
自2022年3月以來(lái),美聯(lián)儲(chǔ)為了對(duì)抗通脹而采取加息舉措,在“咆哮的二十年代”情景中,美聯(lián)儲(chǔ)也可能采取降息舉措。亞德尼認(rèn)為,股市投資者將賺得盆滿缽滿。他認(rèn)為,“咆哮的二十年代”有60%的可能性成為現(xiàn)實(shí)。
20世紀(jì)70年代——20%的幾率
即使是運(yùn)行良好的經(jīng)濟(jì)機(jī)器,地緣政治沖突也會(huì)對(duì)其造成破壞。20世紀(jì)70年代,1973年贖罪日戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)和1979年伊朗革命之后的兩次石油價(jià)格沖擊,使通脹率在長(zhǎng)達(dá)十多年的時(shí)間里居高不下。如今(在更短的時(shí)間段內(nèi)),俄烏沖突以及以色列-哈馬斯戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)有可能讓我們重返那個(gè)時(shí)代。
2022年俄烏沖突爆發(fā)時(shí),消費(fèi)者和企業(yè)已經(jīng)體會(huì)到天然氣和石油價(jià)格飆升帶來(lái)的影響。在過(guò)去的幾個(gè)月里,胡塞武裝在以色列-哈馬斯戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)期間襲擊了紅海的貨船,導(dǎo)致海運(yùn)費(fèi)飆升。
不過(guò),亞德尼指出,盡管出現(xiàn)了這些情況,但通脹仍在放緩。原油市場(chǎng)供應(yīng)充足,這有助于防止出現(xiàn)像20世紀(jì)70年代紅海危機(jī)期間那樣嚴(yán)重的油價(jià)沖擊。
亞德尼表示:“仍有可能出現(xiàn)20世紀(jì)70年代發(fā)生的第二次能源通脹沖擊?!辈贿^(guò),他補(bǔ)充說(shuō),“如果中東沖突局勢(shì)持續(xù)失控,油價(jià)可能再次飆升。在這種情況下,美聯(lián)儲(chǔ)將被迫加息,從而導(dǎo)致經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退?!?/p>
對(duì)于股市投資者來(lái)說(shuō),這種通脹反彈和經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退的情景將是一場(chǎng)噩夢(mèng)。亞德尼寫(xiě)道,在這十年中,他們最終將虧得一塌糊涂。
20世紀(jì)90年代——20%的幾率
隨著人工智能和機(jī)器人技術(shù)的蓬勃發(fā)展,當(dāng)前的經(jīng)濟(jì)時(shí)代與20世紀(jì)90年代的互聯(lián)網(wǎng)泡沫也有一些相似之處。
亞德尼解釋說(shuō):“在這一時(shí)代,美聯(lián)儲(chǔ)開(kāi)始擔(dān)心通脹率跌破2%,即使經(jīng)濟(jì)表現(xiàn)依然良好,美聯(lián)儲(chǔ)也會(huì)通過(guò)大幅降息來(lái)應(yīng)對(duì)。”
他補(bǔ)充說(shuō),如果美聯(lián)儲(chǔ)迅速降息,結(jié)果將是“股市崩盤(pán),首當(dāng)其沖的是科技股”。這很容易讓人聯(lián)想起20世紀(jì)90年代的互聯(lián)網(wǎng)泡沫,當(dāng)時(shí)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)股票飆升至難以為繼的高度。但亞德尼警告說(shuō),這種情景的最終結(jié)果也很像20世紀(jì)90年代,即崩盤(pán)。
他認(rèn)為,低利率將導(dǎo)致科技股和其他資產(chǎn)出現(xiàn)“泡沫”。消費(fèi)者因這一泡沫而不斷增加的凈資產(chǎn)將轉(zhuǎn)化為“另一輪價(jià)格通脹”,迫使美聯(lián)儲(chǔ)加息,像2000年初那樣戳破泡沫。
對(duì)于投資者來(lái)說(shuō),這種情景聽(tīng)起來(lái)可能很可怕,但它很可能會(huì)帶來(lái)一些重大機(jī)遇。亞德尼寫(xiě)道:“在這種情況下,非理性繁榮將卷土重來(lái)?!彼J(rèn)為,科技股的估值可能會(huì)飆升到2000年初以來(lái)從未見(jiàn)過(guò)的水平。"對(duì)于股票投資者來(lái)說(shuō),只要這一情況持續(xù)下去,就會(huì)帶來(lái)繁榮?!保ㄘ?cái)富中文網(wǎng))
譯者:中慧言-王芳
Every year, when most Americans are decorating Christmas trees and building gingerbread houses, a few markets-minded reporters are busy detailing the stock market and economic forecasts of giant investment banks for the coming year. Bank of America, JPMorgan Chase, Goldman Sachs, all of the big names are featured prominently in these year-end outlook articles—but interestingly, so is Ed Yardeni, founder of Yardeni Research.
Yardeni doesn’t run an investment bank, offering instead something more like a boutique sell-side investment consulting firm, but his years of experience as a chief investment strategist, economics professor, and Fed economist have earned him a reputation as one of Wall Street’s top analysts. This standing means Yardeni’s often prescient forecasts merit close attention. After all, he was one of the few analysts to accurately call last year’s stock market rally when most economists were still forecasting recession.
In a Sunday note, Yardeni outlined three throwback scenarios for stocks (and the economy) this decade. Two of these three “historical precedents” will be music to the ears of investors, but the other could be a nightmare.
Here’s how one of Wall Street’s most respected minds sees the U.S. economy and stock market heading back to the future in 2024.
The 1920s — 60% odds
With a string of positive economic data—including optimistic inflation figures, retail sales reports, and consumer sentiment surveys—helping lift two of the three major stock market indices to a record high last week, Yardeni argued Sunday that the U.S. economy is most likely headed for a “Roaring 2020s” scenario.
A combination of falling interest rates, fading inflation, and a productivity boom due to the deployment of new technologies like AI and robotics will ultimately help usher in an era of growth and abundance, according to the veteran economist and market watcher.
Yardeni has been pushing this Roaring 2020s idea since 2020, and recently made the case that the S&P 500 will soar 25% to 6,000 by the end of 2025 as a result of the upcoming economic boom.
On Sunday, he explained that his “basic premise” is that a “chronic shortage of labor” will force companies to rely on technological innovations to boost productivity this decade—and those innovations, from AI to 3d printing, will do just that. Rising productivity should lead to sustained economic growth, “subdued” inflation, and higher profit margins, while the chronic nature of the labor shortage will help wages grow.
After raising interest rates to fight inflation since March 2022, the Federal Reserve is also likely to cut rates in a Roaring 2020s scenario. And stock market investors would do “very well,” according to Yardeni, who believes there is a 60% chance that the Roaring 2020s becomes a reality.
The 1970s — 20% odds
Geopolitics can throw a wrench in even the best of economic machines. In the 1970s, there were two oil price shocks after the Yom-Kippur War of 1973 and the Iranian Revolution of 1979 that helped keep inflation elevated for over a decade. Now, (in an even shorter span of years), the Russia-Ukraine war and Israel-Hamas war have threatened a flashback to that era.
Consumers and businesses already felt the effects of surging natural gas and oil prices when the Russia-Ukraine war kicked off in 2022. And over the past few months, ocean shipping rates have surged after Houthi attacks on cargo vessels in the Red Sea amid the Israel-Hamas war.
Still, Yardeni noted on Sunday that inflation is moderating despite these developments. The crude market is also well supplied, which has helped prevent a serious oil price shock like what was seen during the 1970s amid the Red Sea crisis so far.
“There is still a risk of a second inflationary energy shock as occurred during the 1970s,” Yardeni argued Sunday, however, adding that “if the conflicts in the Middle East continue to spin out of control, oil prices could soar again. The Fed would be forced to raise interest rates in this scenario and cause a recession.”
For stock market investors, this inflation rebound and recession scenario would be a nightmare. They would end up doing “very badly” this decade, Yardeni wrote.
The 1990s — 20% odds
With AI and robotics booming, a few parallels can also be drawn between the current economic era and the dot-com bubble of the 1990s.
“In this one, the Fed becomes concerned that inflation is falling below 2%, and responds by aggressively cutting interest rates even though the economy continues to perform well,” Yardeni explained.
If the Fed were to quickly cut interest rates, the result would be “a meltup in the stock market with technology stocks leading the way,” he added. That’s awfully reminiscent of the dot-com boom in the 1990s, when internet stocks surged to unsustainable heights. But Yardeni warned that the end result of this scenario would also look a lot like the 90s—and that means a crash.
He argued that low interest rates would cause a “bubble” in tech stocks and other assets. The increasing net worth of consumers because of this bubble would then turn into “another round of price inflation,” forcing the Fed to raise rates and pop the bubble just like in early 2000.
This scenario may sound dire for investors, but it would likely offer some serious opportunity. “Irrational exuberance would make a comeback in this scenario,” Yardeni wrote, arguing tech stocks could soar to valuations not seen since early 2000. “It’s lots of fun for stock investors while it lasts.”