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薩姆·奧爾特曼證實(shí)重回OpenAI董事會(huì)

Amanda Gerut
2024-03-12

董事會(huì)似乎希望公司以全新的面貌,在補(bǔ)充了新鮮血液的董事會(huì)的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下繼續(xù)前進(jìn)。

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OpenAI首席執(zhí)行官薩姆·奧爾特曼將重新加入該公司的董事會(huì)。圖片來源:CHRIS RATCLIFFE—BLOOMBERG/GETTY IMAGES

在短短四天時(shí)間內(nèi),OpenAI備受尊敬的首席執(zhí)行官薩姆·奧爾特曼經(jīng)歷了被罷免、被提拔和重新?lián)问紫瘓?zhí)行官。OpenAI的董事會(huì)正在嘗試給這段混亂畫上句號。在3月8日發(fā)布的一份摘要中,WilmerHale律師事務(wù)所認(rèn)為,董事會(huì)并沒有意識到罷免首席執(zhí)行官會(huì)導(dǎo)致公司“動(dòng)蕩”,而且它沒有給奧爾特曼提供機(jī)會(huì)解決董事會(huì)對于董事和管理層之間“信任喪失”的擔(dān)憂,就采取了行動(dòng)。這份評論認(rèn)為,董事會(huì)對罷免奧爾特曼有“廣泛的自由裁量權(quán)”,但“他的行為沒有到需要將其罷免的地步”。

OpenAI公司于3月8日在一篇博客里發(fā)布了該律所的調(diào)查結(jié)果摘要,文中只是認(rèn)為董事會(huì)罷免奧爾特曼在其職權(quán)范圍以內(nèi),并認(rèn)為董事會(huì)不應(yīng)該罷免奧爾特曼,除此之外沒有對此進(jìn)行進(jìn)一步評價(jià)。外界有人懷疑,董事會(huì)是因?yàn)閵W爾特曼的不法行為才快速將其罷免,該律所的調(diào)查結(jié)果消除了這種猜測。摘要稱,奧爾特曼被罷免“并非源于對產(chǎn)品安全、開發(fā)速度、OpenAI的財(cái)務(wù)狀況或其向投資者、客戶或商業(yè)合作伙伴的聲明等有關(guān)的擔(dān)憂”。摘要里并沒有解釋“信任喪失”的原因,或者為什么它會(huì)升級為奧爾特曼被公司罷免。

OpenAI的董事會(huì)任命新董事,而且全部都是女性,董事會(huì)似乎希望公司以全新的面貌,在補(bǔ)充了新鮮血液的董事會(huì)的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下繼續(xù)前進(jìn)。

OpenAI的董事會(huì)主席布雷特·泰勒在提到奧爾特曼和格雷戈·布洛克曼時(shí)說:“我們一致認(rèn)為,薩姆和格雷戈是OpenAI合適的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者?!痹?023年11月17日的一次虛擬會(huì)議上董事會(huì)罷免奧爾特曼之后,布洛克曼辭職以示抗議。2023年,布洛克曼與奧爾特曼同時(shí)回歸公司,現(xiàn)在該公司稱,他們將正式重新加入董事會(huì)。

OpenAI在博客中表示,對董事會(huì)罷免奧爾特曼和將他與布羅克曼從董事會(huì)除名的行為所開展的此次獨(dú)立調(diào)查,包括對OpenAI原董事會(huì)成員、高管和顧問的“數(shù)十次面談”。律師分析了30,000份文件,對董事會(huì)的舉措進(jìn)行了評價(jià)。該公司稱,“OpenAI的許多員工和現(xiàn)任及前任董事會(huì)成員”都很配合調(diào)查過程。

WilmerHale律師事務(wù)所的調(diào)查結(jié)果摘要里說:“WilmerHale律師事務(wù)所發(fā)現(xiàn),之前的董事會(huì)與奧爾特曼先生之間存在信任破裂,最終導(dǎo)致了2023年11月17日的事件?!?/p>

奧爾特曼被罷免在整個(gè)科技界引起軒然大波。奧爾特曼一直被視為生成式人工智能的代言人。OpenAI與微軟(Microsoft)依舊關(guān)系密切。微軟在該公司投資了130億美元。奧爾特曼被罷免后,微軟的首席執(zhí)行官薩蒂亞·納德拉公開支持奧爾特曼。當(dāng)時(shí),OpenAI董事會(huì)只是表示“對奧爾特曼繼續(xù)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)OpenAI的能力不再有信心”。公司指出,在之前的一次審查中發(fā)現(xiàn),奧爾特曼對董事會(huì)不夠坦率。董事會(huì)罷免奧爾特曼之后,董事會(huì)主席布洛克曼宣布辭職,并在X上公布了自己的決定。當(dāng)時(shí)他并不清楚其他董事會(huì)成員的目的是什么。隨后有數(shù)百名員工向董事會(huì)寫了一封公開信,呼吁迎回這兩位領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者。但后者繼續(xù)擔(dān)任首席科學(xué)家,而且他公開表示后悔在罷免奧爾特曼的過程里所扮演的角色。

在OpenAI走出高層權(quán)力之爭所引起的混亂局面的同時(shí),人工智能領(lǐng)域迎來了一個(gè)令人激動(dòng)的新篇章,人工智能的普及率和估值都大幅提高。OpenAI創(chuàng)立于2015年,最初是一家非營利組織,擁有和控制著營利性實(shí)體OpenAI GP有限責(zé)任公司(OpenAI GP LLC)。

泰勒在公司聲明中表示:“我們認(rèn)識到,我們應(yīng)該管理變革性技術(shù),造福全球,我們在其中扮演的角色至關(guān)重要。”

OpenAI在3月8日還公布了三位新董事會(huì)成員,她們分別是:比爾及梅琳達(dá)·蓋茨基金會(huì)(Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation)的前首席執(zhí)行官蘇·德斯蒙德-赫爾曼、索尼公司(Sony Corporation)的前總裁兼總法律顧問尼科爾·塞利格曼,以及Instacart的首席執(zhí)行官兼董事長費(fèi)姬·西莫。在奧爾特曼離開董事會(huì)之后,董事會(huì)因?yàn)槿鄙倥远鴤涫茉嵅?。此次新董事的任命可以被視為對先前批評的反擊。當(dāng)奧爾特曼和布洛克曼重新加入董事會(huì)時(shí),塔莎·麥考利、海倫·托納和公司聯(lián)合創(chuàng)始人伊利亞·蘇茨克弗三位董事會(huì)成員離開了董事會(huì)。蘇茨克弗仍然在公司任職。

66歲的德斯蒙德-赫爾曼同時(shí)任職于輝瑞(Pfizer)董事會(huì),之前曾經(jīng)擔(dān)任Facebook和寶潔(Procter & Gamble)的董事。重量級人物塞利格曼在加入索尼之前,曾經(jīng)擔(dān)任Williams & Connolly律師事務(wù)所的訴訟業(yè)務(wù)合伙人,擔(dān)任過美國前總統(tǒng)比爾·克林頓和希拉里·克林頓的顧問。塞利格曼擔(dān)任太空探索公司Intuitive Machines的提名與公司治理委員會(huì)主席,還是基因療法開發(fā)商Meira GTx Holdings和派拉蒙全球 [Paramount Global,原維亞康姆(Viacom)]的董事會(huì)成員。法國人西莫之前曾經(jīng)擔(dān)任Facebook應(yīng)用程序的副總裁兼負(fù)責(zé)人。她目前還在Shopify擔(dān)任董事。(財(cái)富中文網(wǎng))

譯者:劉進(jìn)龍

審校:汪皓

在短短四天時(shí)間內(nèi),OpenAI備受尊敬的首席執(zhí)行官薩姆·奧爾特曼經(jīng)歷了被罷免、被提拔和重新?lián)问紫瘓?zhí)行官。OpenAI的董事會(huì)正在嘗試給這段混亂畫上句號。在3月8日發(fā)布的一份摘要中,WilmerHale律師事務(wù)所認(rèn)為,董事會(huì)并沒有意識到罷免首席執(zhí)行官會(huì)導(dǎo)致公司“動(dòng)蕩”,而且它沒有給奧爾特曼提供機(jī)會(huì)解決董事會(huì)對于董事和管理層之間“信任喪失”的擔(dān)憂,就采取了行動(dòng)。這份評論認(rèn)為,董事會(huì)對罷免奧爾特曼有“廣泛的自由裁量權(quán)”,但“他的行為沒有到需要將其罷免的地步”。

OpenAI公司于3月8日在一篇博客里發(fā)布了該律所的調(diào)查結(jié)果摘要,文中只是認(rèn)為董事會(huì)罷免奧爾特曼在其職權(quán)范圍以內(nèi),并認(rèn)為董事會(huì)不應(yīng)該罷免奧爾特曼,除此之外沒有對此進(jìn)行進(jìn)一步評價(jià)。外界有人懷疑,董事會(huì)是因?yàn)閵W爾特曼的不法行為才快速將其罷免,該律所的調(diào)查結(jié)果消除了這種猜測。摘要稱,奧爾特曼被罷免“并非源于對產(chǎn)品安全、開發(fā)速度、OpenAI的財(cái)務(wù)狀況或其向投資者、客戶或商業(yè)合作伙伴的聲明等有關(guān)的擔(dān)憂”。摘要里并沒有解釋“信任喪失”的原因,或者為什么它會(huì)升級為奧爾特曼被公司罷免。

OpenAI的董事會(huì)任命新董事,而且全部都是女性,董事會(huì)似乎希望公司以全新的面貌,在補(bǔ)充了新鮮血液的董事會(huì)的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下繼續(xù)前進(jìn)。

OpenAI的董事會(huì)主席布雷特·泰勒在提到奧爾特曼和格雷戈·布洛克曼時(shí)說:“我們一致認(rèn)為,薩姆和格雷戈是OpenAI合適的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者?!痹?023年11月17日的一次虛擬會(huì)議上董事會(huì)罷免奧爾特曼之后,布洛克曼辭職以示抗議。2023年,布洛克曼與奧爾特曼同時(shí)回歸公司,現(xiàn)在該公司稱,他們將正式重新加入董事會(huì)。

OpenAI在博客中表示,對董事會(huì)罷免奧爾特曼和將他與布羅克曼從董事會(huì)除名的行為所開展的此次獨(dú)立調(diào)查,包括對OpenAI原董事會(huì)成員、高管和顧問的“數(shù)十次面談”。律師分析了30,000份文件,對董事會(huì)的舉措進(jìn)行了評價(jià)。該公司稱,“OpenAI的許多員工和現(xiàn)任及前任董事會(huì)成員”都很配合調(diào)查過程。

WilmerHale律師事務(wù)所的調(diào)查結(jié)果摘要里說:“WilmerHale律師事務(wù)所發(fā)現(xiàn),之前的董事會(huì)與奧爾特曼先生之間存在信任破裂,最終導(dǎo)致了2023年11月17日的事件?!?/p>

奧爾特曼被罷免在整個(gè)科技界引起軒然大波。奧爾特曼一直被視為生成式人工智能的代言人。OpenAI與微軟(Microsoft)依舊關(guān)系密切。微軟在該公司投資了130億美元。奧爾特曼被罷免后,微軟的首席執(zhí)行官薩蒂亞·納德拉公開支持奧爾特曼。當(dāng)時(shí),OpenAI董事會(huì)只是表示“對奧爾特曼繼續(xù)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)OpenAI的能力不再有信心”。公司指出,在之前的一次審查中發(fā)現(xiàn),奧爾特曼對董事會(huì)不夠坦率。董事會(huì)罷免奧爾特曼之后,董事會(huì)主席布洛克曼宣布辭職,并在X上公布了自己的決定。當(dāng)時(shí)他并不清楚其他董事會(huì)成員的目的是什么。隨后有數(shù)百名員工向董事會(huì)寫了一封公開信,呼吁迎回這兩位領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者。但后者繼續(xù)擔(dān)任首席科學(xué)家,而且他公開表示后悔在罷免奧爾特曼的過程里所扮演的角色。

在OpenAI走出高層權(quán)力之爭所引起的混亂局面的同時(shí),人工智能領(lǐng)域迎來了一個(gè)令人激動(dòng)的新篇章,人工智能的普及率和估值都大幅提高。OpenAI創(chuàng)立于2015年,最初是一家非營利組織,擁有和控制著營利性實(shí)體OpenAI GP有限責(zé)任公司(OpenAI GP LLC)。

泰勒在公司聲明中表示:“我們認(rèn)識到,我們應(yīng)該管理變革性技術(shù),造福全球,我們在其中扮演的角色至關(guān)重要?!?/p>

OpenAI在3月8日還公布了三位新董事會(huì)成員,她們分別是:比爾及梅琳達(dá)·蓋茨基金會(huì)(Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation)的前首席執(zhí)行官蘇·德斯蒙德-赫爾曼、索尼公司(Sony Corporation)的前總裁兼總法律顧問尼科爾·塞利格曼,以及Instacart的首席執(zhí)行官兼董事長費(fèi)姬·西莫。在奧爾特曼離開董事會(huì)之后,董事會(huì)因?yàn)槿鄙倥远鴤涫茉嵅?。此次新董事的任命可以被視為對先前批評的反擊。當(dāng)奧爾特曼和布洛克曼重新加入董事會(huì)時(shí),塔莎·麥考利、海倫·托納和公司聯(lián)合創(chuàng)始人伊利亞·蘇茨克弗三位董事會(huì)成員離開了董事會(huì)。蘇茨克弗仍然在公司任職。

66歲的德斯蒙德-赫爾曼同時(shí)任職于輝瑞(Pfizer)董事會(huì),之前曾經(jīng)擔(dān)任Facebook和寶潔(Procter & Gamble)的董事。重量級人物塞利格曼在加入索尼之前,曾經(jīng)擔(dān)任Williams & Connolly律師事務(wù)所的訴訟業(yè)務(wù)合伙人,擔(dān)任過美國前總統(tǒng)比爾·克林頓和希拉里·克林頓的顧問。塞利格曼擔(dān)任太空探索公司Intuitive Machines的提名與公司治理委員會(huì)主席,還是基因療法開發(fā)商Meira GTx Holdings和派拉蒙全球 [Paramount Global,原維亞康姆(Viacom)]的董事會(huì)成員。法國人西莫之前曾經(jīng)擔(dān)任Facebook應(yīng)用程序的副總裁兼負(fù)責(zé)人。她目前還在Shopify擔(dān)任董事。(財(cái)富中文網(wǎng))

譯者:劉進(jìn)龍

審校:汪皓

The OpenAI board is attempting to close the door on a tumultuous chapter that saw its revered CEO Sam Altman fired, exalted and then reinstated as CEO in a chaotic four-day span. In a summary made public on March 8, law firm WilmerHale concluded that the board didn’t realize that firing the CEO would “destabilize” the company and that it acted without allowing Altman to address the board’s concerns about a “l(fā)oss of trust” between directors and management. The review determined that the board had “broad discretion” to fire Altman but that “his conduct did not mandate removal.”

The company published the summary of WilmerHale’s findings in a blog post on March 8, but did not go further than absolving the board for firing Altman, while also finding that the board should not have fired Altman. The published review also lays to rest speculation that Altman was up to something nefarious that led the board to act rapidly to depose him. According to the summary, Altman’s firing “did not arise out of concerns regarding product safety or security, the pace of development, OpenAI’s finances, or its statements to investors, customers, or business partners.” It stopped short of explaining what the “l(fā)oss of trust” stemmed from or how it escalated to Altman’s termination from the company.

The board has since recruited new members—all women—and it appears the company is hoping to move on with a clean slate and a refreshed board.

“We have unanimously concluded that Sam and Greg are the right leaders for OpenAI,” said Bret Taylor, chair of the OpenAI board, referring to Altman and Greg Brockman, who quit in protest after the board dumped Altman during a virtual meeting on Nov. 17, 2023. Brockman returned at the same time as Altman last year and both will now officially rejoin the board, the company said today.

The independent investigation into the board’s firing of Altman and the removal of the duo from the board included “dozens of interviews” with prior members of the OpenAI board, executives and advisors, the company said in a blog post. Lawyers examined 30,000 documents and evaluated the board’s actions. “Many OpenAI employees, as well as current and former Board members,” cooperated with the review process, the company said.

“WilmerHale found there was a breakdown in trust between the prior Board and Mr. Altman that precipitated the events of November 17,” states the summary of WilmerHale’s findings.

Altman’s firing kicked off reverberations throughout the tech industry where Altman had been the face of generative AI. OpenAI also maintains close ties to Microsoft, which has invested $13 billion into the company. Microsoft CEO Satya Nadella openly backed Altman after his ouster. At the time, the OpenAI board only stated that it “no longer has confidence in his ability to continue leading OpenAI.” It followed a prior review that found Altman had lacked candor with the board, the company said. After the board dispatched Altman, board chair Brockman, who wasn’t aware of what the rest of the board was up to, quit and posted it on X. Hundreds of employees followed up with an open letter to the board seeking their rehiring. Though the latter kept his job as chief scientist and publicly expressed regret for his role in ousting Altman.

Moving on from the disturbing power struggle at the top coincides with an exciting chapter in which AI has seen a meteoric rise in popularity and in valuation. Open AI was founded as a nonprofit in 2015, which owns and controls the for-profit entity OpenAI GP LLC.

“We recognize the magnitude of our role in stewarding transformative technologies for the global good,” said Taylor in the company statement.

The company also announced three new board members on March 8: Sue Desmond-Hellman, former CEO of the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation; Nicole Seligman, former president and General Counsel at Sony Corporation; and, Fidji Simo, CEO and chair of Instacart. The appointments could be viewed as a counter to previous criticism that the board had a lack of female representation after Altman departed. When he and Brockman rejoined, three board members—Tasha McCauley, Helen Toner and co-founder, Ilya Sutskever—left the board. Sutskever remains with the company.

Desmond-Hellman, 66, also serves on the Pfizer board and previously served as a director on the boards of Facebook and Procter & Gamble. Heavy hitter Seligman, prior to Sony, was a partner in the litigation practice at law firm Williams & Connolly where she advised President Bill Clinton and Hillary Clinton. Seligman chairs the nominating and corporate governance committee at space exploration company Intuitive Machines and serves on the boards of gene therapy developer Meira GTx Holdings and Paramount Global, formerly known as Viacom. Simo is French and previously served as vice president and head of the Facebook app. She’s also a director on the board at Shopify.

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