英國經(jīng)濟(jì)在2023年下半年陷入技術(shù)性衰退后,于今年1月出現(xiàn)反彈,錄得溫和增長。
英國國家統(tǒng)計局(Office for National Statistics)在3月13日公布的數(shù)據(jù)顯示,英國的國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值(GDP)繼2023年12月下降0.1%后,今年1月增長了0.2%。服務(wù)業(yè)和建筑業(yè)實現(xiàn)了增長,抵消了工業(yè)產(chǎn)出的萎縮。
這些數(shù)據(jù)表明,英國經(jīng)濟(jì)整體上有望在第一季度實現(xiàn)增長,從而結(jié)束經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退。這對英國首相里?!ぬK納克來說是一劑“強心劑?!泵裾{(diào)顯示,他所在的保守黨預(yù)計將在今年晚些時候舉行的大選中面臨慘敗,而蘇納克正在試圖扭轉(zhuǎn)這一局面。
英國國家統(tǒng)計局的經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)主管利茲·麥基翁說:“1月經(jīng)濟(jì)回暖,零售和批發(fā)業(yè)增長強勁。建筑業(yè)也表現(xiàn)出色,房屋建筑商在這個月也有不錯的業(yè)績。但電視和電影制作、律師和經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)反?,F(xiàn)象的制藥業(yè)的下降部分抵消了上述增長。”
彭博經(jīng)濟(jì)認(rèn)為……
“2023年年底沖擊經(jīng)濟(jì)的溫和衰退已經(jīng)結(jié)束。今年第一季度經(jīng)濟(jì)增長有望回升,因此我們把2024年第一季度經(jīng)濟(jì)增長的預(yù)期從-0.1%上調(diào)至0.2%。最近的消息表明,英國央行(Bank of England)并不急于放松政策,經(jīng)濟(jì)反彈的跡象使其有理由再等待一段時間,以確認(rèn)通脹率穩(wěn)步回升至2%。我們將首次降息的時間從今年5月推遲到6月。”——安娜·安德拉德和丹·漢森,彭博經(jīng)濟(jì)(Bloomberg Economics)
然而,由于以往加息的影響繼續(xù)傳導(dǎo)至家庭和企業(yè),經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇可能是溫和的。分析師預(yù)計,英國將在未來一年內(nèi)落后于除德國以外的七國集團(tuán)(Group of Seven)的其他國家。
由于勞動力市場降溫,且本周公布的數(shù)據(jù)預(yù)計將顯示通脹大幅放緩,投資者押注英國央行將在今年8月開始從16年利率水平高位降息。市場目前預(yù)計,未來一年可能有四次幅度為25個基點的降息。
數(shù)據(jù)公布后,英鎊兌美元匯率穩(wěn)定在1.28附近。上周英鎊兌美元匯率一度升至1.2894的高位,原因是有跡象表明英國的經(jīng)濟(jì)表現(xiàn)好于許多人的預(yù)期。英鎊是今年十國集團(tuán)中表現(xiàn)最好的貨幣,因為英國央行認(rèn)為,鑒于經(jīng)濟(jì)增長正在反彈,英鎊將在更長的時間內(nèi)維持較高利率。
英國最大的雇主組織英國工業(yè)聯(lián)合會(CBI)的首席經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家本·瓊斯表示:“英國經(jīng)濟(jì)可能正在出現(xiàn)轉(zhuǎn)機。短期內(nèi)增長勢頭可能依然疲弱,但今年的前景正在改善。”
由于國民保險稅(以工資薪金為基數(shù))下調(diào)了2個百分點,提高了可支配收入,強勁的零售銷售推動了今年1月的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長。
英國財政大臣杰里米·亨特在上周的預(yù)算案里宣布,英國國民保險稅再次下調(diào)2個百分點。因此,已經(jīng)開始享受實際工資增長的英國家庭,有望在今年4月得到進(jìn)一步提振。領(lǐng)取最低工資的工人的工資也將提高近10%。
亨特在報告發(fā)布后的一份聲明中稱:“我們在經(jīng)濟(jì)增長方面取得了進(jìn)展,這在一定程度上使明年國民保險稅減少900英鎊成為可能。但如果我們想讓經(jīng)濟(jì)增長速度加快,就必須提高工資,這意味著要終結(jié)對工資薪金進(jìn)行兩次征稅的不公平現(xiàn)象?!?/p>
今年1月的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長受到了實習(xí)醫(yī)生罷工行動的影響,導(dǎo)致因為工業(yè)行動而損失的天數(shù)達(dá)到了自2023年9月以來的最高水平。
零售業(yè)從令人失望的2023年12月強勁反彈,到今年1月增長3.4%,推動了當(dāng)月服務(wù)業(yè)的增長。汽車維修也推動了服務(wù)業(yè)的增長。
醫(yī)療保健支出增長0.9%,主要是在私人醫(yī)療保健領(lǐng)域,而專業(yè)服務(wù)支出在本月增長緩慢,活動支出下降0.9%。教育支出增長0.7%。
由于私人住宅建筑商在圣誕節(jié)停工后重新開工,當(dāng)月建筑業(yè)增長1.1%,超出經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家的預(yù)期。
在工業(yè)生產(chǎn)中,供水和污水處理出現(xiàn)下降。制造業(yè)和能源供應(yīng)則沒有任何貢獻(xiàn)。
在截至今年1月的三個月里,貿(mào)易赤字?jǐn)U大了22億英鎊(28億美元),達(dá)到138億英鎊,大致與去年的季度赤字持平。逆差略有擴大的原因是“服務(wù)出口大幅下降”,部分被商品逆差縮小所抵消。
英國國家統(tǒng)計局指出,商品出口下降,但進(jìn)口降幅更大。它補充道,沒有證據(jù)表明紅海航運中斷影響了今年的進(jìn)口。
英國國家統(tǒng)計局表示,英國日益依賴從歐盟(EU)進(jìn)口商品,今年1月英國從歐盟進(jìn)口的商品比從非歐盟國家進(jìn)口的商品高出58億英鎊。自2022年10月以來,從非歐盟國家的進(jìn)口持續(xù)下降。當(dāng)月,英國對歐盟和非歐盟國家的商品出口基本持平。
德意志銀行(Deutsche Bank)的首席英國經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家桑杰·拉賈說:“英國在2023年年底陷入的技術(shù)性衰退是暫時的。隨著市場情緒回升,以及財政和貨幣政策在2024年之前放松,我們應(yīng)該會看到經(jīng)濟(jì)增長在今年逐步恢復(fù)到趨勢水平?!保ㄘ敻恢形木W(wǎng))
譯者:中慧言-王芳
英國經(jīng)濟(jì)在2023年下半年陷入技術(shù)性衰退后,于今年1月出現(xiàn)反彈,錄得溫和增長。
英國國家統(tǒng)計局(Office for National Statistics)在3月13日公布的數(shù)據(jù)顯示,英國的國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值(GDP)繼2023年12月下降0.1%后,今年1月增長了0.2%。服務(wù)業(yè)和建筑業(yè)實現(xiàn)了增長,抵消了工業(yè)產(chǎn)出的萎縮。
這些數(shù)據(jù)表明,英國經(jīng)濟(jì)整體上有望在第一季度實現(xiàn)增長,從而結(jié)束經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退。這對英國首相里?!ぬK納克來說是一劑“強心劑?!泵裾{(diào)顯示,他所在的保守黨預(yù)計將在今年晚些時候舉行的大選中面臨慘敗,而蘇納克正在試圖扭轉(zhuǎn)這一局面。
英國國家統(tǒng)計局的經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)主管利茲·麥基翁說:“1月經(jīng)濟(jì)回暖,零售和批發(fā)業(yè)增長強勁。建筑業(yè)也表現(xiàn)出色,房屋建筑商在這個月也有不錯的業(yè)績。但電視和電影制作、律師和經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)反?,F(xiàn)象的制藥業(yè)的下降部分抵消了上述增長?!?/p>
彭博經(jīng)濟(jì)認(rèn)為……
“2023年年底沖擊經(jīng)濟(jì)的溫和衰退已經(jīng)結(jié)束。今年第一季度經(jīng)濟(jì)增長有望回升,因此我們把2024年第一季度經(jīng)濟(jì)增長的預(yù)期從-0.1%上調(diào)至0.2%。最近的消息表明,英國央行(Bank of England)并不急于放松政策,經(jīng)濟(jì)反彈的跡象使其有理由再等待一段時間,以確認(rèn)通脹率穩(wěn)步回升至2%。我們將首次降息的時間從今年5月推遲到6月?!薄材取ぐ驳吕潞偷ぁh森,彭博經(jīng)濟(jì)(Bloomberg Economics)
然而,由于以往加息的影響繼續(xù)傳導(dǎo)至家庭和企業(yè),經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇可能是溫和的。分析師預(yù)計,英國將在未來一年內(nèi)落后于除德國以外的七國集團(tuán)(Group of Seven)的其他國家。
由于勞動力市場降溫,且本周公布的數(shù)據(jù)預(yù)計將顯示通脹大幅放緩,投資者押注英國央行將在今年8月開始從16年利率水平高位降息。市場目前預(yù)計,未來一年可能有四次幅度為25個基點的降息。
數(shù)據(jù)公布后,英鎊兌美元匯率穩(wěn)定在1.28附近。上周英鎊兌美元匯率一度升至1.2894的高位,原因是有跡象表明英國的經(jīng)濟(jì)表現(xiàn)好于許多人的預(yù)期。英鎊是今年十國集團(tuán)中表現(xiàn)最好的貨幣,因為英國央行認(rèn)為,鑒于經(jīng)濟(jì)增長正在反彈,英鎊將在更長的時間內(nèi)維持較高利率。
英國最大的雇主組織英國工業(yè)聯(lián)合會(CBI)的首席經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家本·瓊斯表示:“英國經(jīng)濟(jì)可能正在出現(xiàn)轉(zhuǎn)機。短期內(nèi)增長勢頭可能依然疲弱,但今年的前景正在改善。”
由于國民保險稅(以工資薪金為基數(shù))下調(diào)了2個百分點,提高了可支配收入,強勁的零售銷售推動了今年1月的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長。
英國財政大臣杰里米·亨特在上周的預(yù)算案里宣布,英國國民保險稅再次下調(diào)2個百分點。因此,已經(jīng)開始享受實際工資增長的英國家庭,有望在今年4月得到進(jìn)一步提振。領(lǐng)取最低工資的工人的工資也將提高近10%。
亨特在報告發(fā)布后的一份聲明中稱:“我們在經(jīng)濟(jì)增長方面取得了進(jìn)展,這在一定程度上使明年國民保險稅減少900英鎊成為可能。但如果我們想讓經(jīng)濟(jì)增長速度加快,就必須提高工資,這意味著要終結(jié)對工資薪金進(jìn)行兩次征稅的不公平現(xiàn)象?!?/p>
今年1月的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長受到了實習(xí)醫(yī)生罷工行動的影響,導(dǎo)致因為工業(yè)行動而損失的天數(shù)達(dá)到了自2023年9月以來的最高水平。
零售業(yè)從令人失望的2023年12月強勁反彈,到今年1月增長3.4%,推動了當(dāng)月服務(wù)業(yè)的增長。汽車維修也推動了服務(wù)業(yè)的增長。
醫(yī)療保健支出增長0.9%,主要是在私人醫(yī)療保健領(lǐng)域,而專業(yè)服務(wù)支出在本月增長緩慢,活動支出下降0.9%。教育支出增長0.7%。
由于私人住宅建筑商在圣誕節(jié)停工后重新開工,當(dāng)月建筑業(yè)增長1.1%,超出經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家的預(yù)期。
在工業(yè)生產(chǎn)中,供水和污水處理出現(xiàn)下降。制造業(yè)和能源供應(yīng)則沒有任何貢獻(xiàn)。
在截至今年1月的三個月里,貿(mào)易赤字?jǐn)U大了22億英鎊(28億美元),達(dá)到138億英鎊,大致與去年的季度赤字持平。逆差略有擴大的原因是“服務(wù)出口大幅下降”,部分被商品逆差縮小所抵消。
英國國家統(tǒng)計局指出,商品出口下降,但進(jìn)口降幅更大。它補充道,沒有證據(jù)表明紅海航運中斷影響了今年的進(jìn)口。
英國國家統(tǒng)計局表示,英國日益依賴從歐盟(EU)進(jìn)口商品,今年1月英國從歐盟進(jìn)口的商品比從非歐盟國家進(jìn)口的商品高出58億英鎊。自2022年10月以來,從非歐盟國家的進(jìn)口持續(xù)下降。當(dāng)月,英國對歐盟和非歐盟國家的商品出口基本持平。
德意志銀行(Deutsche Bank)的首席英國經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家桑杰·拉賈說:“英國在2023年年底陷入的技術(shù)性衰退是暫時的。隨著市場情緒回升,以及財政和貨幣政策在2024年之前放松,我們應(yīng)該會看到經(jīng)濟(jì)增長在今年逐步恢復(fù)到趨勢水平?!保ㄘ敻恢形木W(wǎng))
譯者:中慧言-王芳
The UK economy rebounded in January, registering modest growth after falling into a technical recession in the second half of last year.
Gross domestic product rose 0.2% following a 0.1% decline in December, the Office for National Statistics said on March 13. Services and construction delivered the gains, offsetting a drop in industrial production.
The figures leave Britain on track to grow over the first quarter as a whole, bringing the recession to an end. That’s a boost for Prime Minister Rishi Sunak, who is seeking to defy opinion polls that suggest his Conservative Party is facing a heavy defeat at a general election expected later this year.
“The economy picked up in January with strong growth in retail and wholesaling,” said Liz McKeown, director of economics at the ONS. “Construction also performed well with house builders having a good month. These were partially offset by falls in TV and film production, lawyers and the often-erratic pharmaceutical industry.”
What Bloomberg Economics Says …
“The mild recession that hit the economy at the end of last year is over. Growth is on course to pick up in the first quarter of the year, and we’re revising up our call for 1Q24 to 0.2% from a fall of 0.1% as a result. Recent communication had suggested the Bank of England is in no hurry to ease policy, and signs of a rebound give it cover to wait a little longer for confirmation that inflation is on course for a durable return to 2%. We’re shifting the timing of the first rate cut back to June from May. — Ana Andrade and Dan Hanson, Bloomberg Economics.
However, the recovery is likely to be modest as past interest-rate increases continue to feed through to households and companies. Analysts expect the UK to trail every other Group of Seven country except Germany for another year.
With the labor market cooling and data this week expected to show a sharp slowdown in inflation, investors are betting the Bank of England will begin cutting rates in August from their highest level in 16 years. Markets are now pricing in four quarter-point reductions over the next year.
The pound was steady at around $1.28 after the release. It rose to as high as $1.2894 last week on signs the UK economy was holding up better than many feared. Sterling is the best performing currency across Group-of-10 peers this year, as the BOE is seen holding interest rates higher for longer given growth is rebounding.
“The economy may be turning a corner,” said Ben Jones, lead economist at the CBI, the nation’s biggest employers group. “Momentum is likely to remain weak in the near-term, but the outlook for this year is improving.”
Growth in January was boosted by strong retail sales as a 2 percentage point cut in national insurance, a payroll tax, took effect and lifted disposable incomes.
Households, which already are enjoying the return of real wage growth, can expect a further lift in April after Chancellor of the Exchequer Jeremy Hunt announced another 2-point cut in National Insurance Contributions in his budget last week. Workers on the minimum wage will also get an uplift of almost 10%.
“We are making progress in growing the economy — part of which makes it possible to bring down national insurance contributions by £900 this coming year,” Hunt said in a statement after the report. “But if we want the rate of growth to pick up more we need to make work pay, which means ending the unfairness of taxing work twice.”
Weighing on growth in January was strike action by junior doctors, which contributed to the highest number of days lost to industrial action since September.
Retail rebounded strongly from a disappointing December, growing 3.4% in January, which drove the growth in services for the month. Car repairs also drove the improvement in services.
Health spending grew 0.9%, mainly in private health care, while professional services had a slow month and saw activity drop 0.9%. Education grew by 0.7%.
Construction grew 1.1% in the month, beating economists forecasts, due to private housebuilders resuming work after Christmas shutdowns.
Within industrial production, water supply and sewerage drove a decline. Manufacturing and energy supply made no contribution.
The trade deficit widened by £2.2 billion ($2.8 billion) to £13.8 billion in the three months to January, roughly in line with the quarterly deficits across last year. The slightly larger deficit was due to a “substantial fall in services exports,” which was offset in part by a smaller deficit in goods.
Goods exports fell but imports fell by even more, the ONS said. It added that there was no evidence that disruption to shipping in the Red Sea affected imports in January.
The UK continues to be increasingly dependent on imports of goods from the EU, which were £5.8 billion higher than those from non-EU countries in the month of January, the ONS said. Imports from non-EU countries have been declining steadily since October 2022. Exports of UK goods to the EU and to no-EU countries remained roughly the same in the month.
“The technical recession that the UK slipped into late last year will be short-lived,” said Sanjay Raja, Deutsche Bank’s chief UK economist. “We should see growth gradually return to its trend rate over the course of the year as sentiment continues its uptrend and fiscal and monetary policy loosen through 2024.”