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YouTube Music的這些員工緣何遭到火速開除?

被裁團隊稱“員工被谷歌和高知特以非法手段終止了雇傭關(guān)系,為的是報復(fù)他們的工會組建行為”。

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2023年2月21日,杰克·本尼迪克特在德州奧斯丁市中心谷歌辦公室門前與示威游行大軍一道抗議。圖片來源:JAY JANNER-USA TODAY NETWORK

在得知自己失去了YouTube Music的工作之后,杰克·本尼迪克特回到了辦公室,但只拿到了一個紙盒箱子,里面裝著一些個人物品,還是其工友在他被請出大樓時往里面塞的。本尼迪克特對《財富》雜志說,這個團隊由約40名雇員組成,在得知自己的聘用合同已經(jīng)終止而且僅有30分鐘收拾各自物品之后,大多數(shù)隊員已經(jīng)離開了大樓。25歲的本尼迪克特剛從市政廳回來,卻無法上工位收拾自己的物品,并稱自己之后也無法再進入大樓。

上周,有十幾位加入工會的YouTube Music內(nèi)容運營團隊員工在參加奧斯丁市議會聽證會之后失去了自己的工作,其中包括本尼迪克特。他們在聽證會上嘲諷地介紹了自己的工作,談到了谷歌(Google)和高知特(Cognizant,美國國家勞資關(guān)系委員會(NLRB)已決定成為其聯(lián)合雇主)拒絕與其工會談判,而員工將這一行為稱之為對工會的非法破壞。就在本尼迪克特作證時,他的同時凱蒂·馬切納告知了這一突如其來的消息:“公司剛剛把我們所有人都開了。我們的工作崗位今天取消,立即生效?!北灸岬峡颂氐囊曨l被外界瘋傳,視頻中的他表現(xiàn)得非常震驚。(在收到置評請求后,高知特發(fā)言人杰夫·德瑪瑞斯稱,如果本尼迪克特“在取回沒拿走的個人物品方面需要幫助,我們很快就能安排?!保?/p>

自這些員工首次加入工會以來,谷歌已經(jīng)在起訴NLRB有關(guān)其作為聯(lián)合雇主的決定。根據(jù)這一決定,谷歌有義務(wù)與這些員工進行協(xié)商。到目前為止,勞資關(guān)系委員會站在雇員這一邊。

本尼迪克特經(jīng)歷了漫長的努力才走到了談判桌前。他對《財富》雜志說,他和他前同事的職責(zé)突然遭到了取消,現(xiàn)如今被外包給了印度的同事,而且公司讓本尼迪克特及其同事負(fù)責(zé)培訓(xùn)這些印度員工。本尼迪克特說:“公司是在奧斯丁辦公室員工首次罷工抗議回公司辦公之后才招聘了這些印度員工?!彼€表示,最終YouTube Music的雇員被迫自掘墳?zāi)埂?/p>

本尼迪克特稱,公司告訴雇員,海外團隊將在美國假日或工會罷工期間負(fù)擔(dān)這部分工作。然而,“公司似乎讓我們?nèi)ヅ嘤?xùn)這些用于取代我們的員工?!彼€表示,這一舉措讓人“異常沮喪”,而且此舉表明,“谷歌和高知特對其產(chǎn)品毫不在乎。”

高知特否認(rèn)了公司是因為報復(fù)而解雇員工,而且明確了公司對工會的看法。高知特發(fā)言人杰夫·德瑪瑞斯表示:“盡管我們尊重員工加入工會的權(quán)利,但我們奉行的理念在于,坦誠布公的對話與合作才能產(chǎn)生最好的效果。”他還表示,他“首先會挑戰(zhàn)你,要求你停止在報告中使用像‘員工’這類傾向性較強的術(shù)語和其他標(biāo)準(zhǔn)用詞?!钡卢斎鹚闺S后稱,《財富》雜志過去曾使用不同的術(shù)語來稱呼工會和非工會員工。

這兩家公司質(zhì)疑了YouTube Music員工敘述中的一些重要內(nèi)容。當(dāng)提及誰負(fù)責(zé)與工會談判以及由誰來終止合同時,谷歌將責(zé)任推的一干二凈,而高知特則對員工被全部解雇這一說法提出了異議。

谷歌公司的一位代表告訴《財富》雜志,YouTube Music團隊成員并非是谷歌雇員,而且“高知特負(fù)責(zé)這些員工的聘用合同,包括人員配置?!边@位發(fā)言人稱,谷歌并沒有反對員工加入工會,但稱公司計劃起訴NLRB的聯(lián)合雇主裁決。

谷歌稱,福利和外包培訓(xùn)流程的取消是高知特單方面的職責(zé)和選擇。谷歌一位發(fā)言人表示:“長期以來,我們與工會化的供應(yīng)商簽訂了很多合同,而且我們期待每一家與我們簽約的公司都能公平對待其雇員,這一點與這家企業(yè)是否成立了工會無關(guān)。我們不會因為供應(yīng)商是否有工會員工而選擇供應(yīng)商或更改合約,而且我們不會因員工選擇加入工會而區(qū)別對待?!?/p>

NLRB發(fā)言人向《財富》雜志透露,當(dāng)前共有11個起訴高知特和谷歌的未決不公平勞動實踐官司。當(dāng)被要求對這些指控進行回應(yīng)時,德瑪瑞斯稱,“所有與NLRB相關(guān)的事件都將在法庭上討論,這類話題適合在那里探討?!惫雀璨]有回答這一問題。

Alphabet員工工會-美國通訊工作者協(xié)會(AWU-CWA)在一份提交給《財富》雜志的聲明中稱,作為對上周事件的回應(yīng),AWU-CWA向NLRB提交了另一份不公平勞動實踐起訴,對象為谷歌和高知特。工會是代表YouTube Music被裁團隊提出了這一起訴,稱“員工被谷歌和高知特以非法手段終止了雇傭關(guān)系,為的是報復(fù)他們的工會組建行為。”

外包指控

德瑪瑞斯并未對用印度員工替代奧斯丁員工的說法發(fā)表意見,這件事情還涉及TikTok,但他稱這些員工并未被辭退,而是“進入了高知特可部署人才池,并獲得了7周的專屬帶薪時間,來熟悉機構(gòu)內(nèi)部的其他職責(zé),并通過我們的培訓(xùn)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)獲取新的技能?!?/p>

YouTube Music員工一直都在申請進行談判,到目前為止已經(jīng)持續(xù)了約一年的時間。這些員工希望得到更好的薪資、福利和更加靈活的工作,但卻未能讓其雇主走上談判桌。對于本尼迪克特來說,突如其來的下崗只不過是這個持續(xù)了一年進程的最新進展。他對《財富》雜志說:“我們不會就這么放棄,我們肯定會斗爭到底。我們要討回公道。我覺得,我們的雇主或前雇主希望看到的是,我們能夠接受這一結(jié)果并淡忘這件事情?!彼f,在公道方面,如今還沒有一個明確的說法,但他發(fā)誓工會會采取反擊措施。

本尼迪克特表示:“我覺得令所有人感到異常厭惡的是,自己的辛勞得不到報酬,自己的工作丟了,但公司的利潤卻創(chuàng)下了歷史新高。確實存在問題,而且真的是需要改變。我希望我們的活動能夠幫助改變這一切?!保ü雀枘腹続lphabet去年報出了創(chuàng)紀(jì)錄的第四季度凈收益,207億美元,不過其年凈收益峰值出現(xiàn)在2021年, 760億美元。)

本尼迪克特在領(lǐng)英(LinkedIn)上稱,當(dāng)他最初于2022年9月加入YouTube Music完全遠程辦公時,工會組建舉措已經(jīng)在醞釀當(dāng)中。去年4月,員工以41-1票通過,由美國通訊工作者協(xié)會代表其權(quán)益。本尼迪克特說,在團隊公布其舉措后不久,谷歌和高知特宣布了新的每周五天回公司辦公強制令。他解釋說,對于團隊里很多并不住在奧斯丁甚至德州的成員來說,新政策“基本上就是下崗令”。他還表示,作為回應(yīng),這些員工舉行了罷工活動。高知特發(fā)言人德瑪瑞斯稱,公司“自2021年12月以來就一直在與常駐奧斯丁的雇員溝通回公司辦公的政策。有關(guān)這一時間線的其他描述都是虛構(gòu)和不實的。”

高知特和谷歌相互甩鍋,YouTube Music員工成為犧牲品

谷歌和高知特稱,他們并沒有終止雇員合同,而是合同自然到期。高知特發(fā)言人德瑪瑞斯對《財富》雜志說,合約到期在此前就已納入計劃。

然而,本尼迪克特指著自己在市政廳視頻中受驚嚇的模樣稱,這是“徹徹底底的裁員”。他對《財富》雜志說:“我們完全不知道會發(fā)生這種事情?!北灸岬峡颂胤Q,即便是帶有合同的臨時工作,工會在其引導(dǎo)下以為與谷歌的合約會得到續(xù)簽。本尼迪克特說,谷歌在開展其他裁員工作時通常會在數(shù)個月前發(fā)布通知,但只給了YouTube Music員工30分鐘離開辦公室的時間。

工會相信本尼迪克特的說辭。“谷歌和高知特稱,YouTube Music內(nèi)容運營團隊上周四發(fā)生的事情是業(yè)務(wù)過程中常見的計劃內(nèi)合約到期。AWU-CWA在向財富提交的一份聲明中指出,事實上,公司在中午的時候便通知員工其工作崗位取消了,立即生效,而且為其收拾個人物品設(shè)定了時限”。

這兩家雇主相互推卸責(zé)任,而遭殃的卻是前YouTube Music團隊。本尼迪克特說:“其意圖可謂是非常之明顯,它們正企圖瓦解我們的工會。我認(rèn)為,更明顯的一個事實在于,他們讓我們來培訓(xùn)印度的一個團隊來做同樣的事情,而且即便谷歌的合約到期了,但這個團隊并未失去其工作。只有奧斯丁加入工會的員工被谷歌和高知特炒了魷魚。”

高知特依然認(rèn)為,前YouTube Music團隊并未被解雇,而是“將成為高知特可部署人才池的一部分,也就是進入公司的‘替補席’?!钡卢斎鹚狗Q,“數(shù)千名高知特雇員都是通過替補席穿梭于各個活躍項目中”,而且他自己團隊的兩名成員也是來自于替補席。

然而,本尼迪克特認(rèn)為,這種替補席只不過是裁員前的集中營。他說:“我從來沒聽說過有人在進入替補席之后重新獲得聘用?!彼€表示,替補席本身并非是談?wù)摰摹爸攸c”,重點在于,工會成員爭取的是自己的本職工作崗位,他們原本接受的就是這方面的培訓(xùn)或有這方面的專長。

本尼迪克特表示,整個合約系統(tǒng)似乎刻意隱瞞了員工權(quán)益負(fù)責(zé)方的信息?!八麄兯坪豕室庠O(shè)計成這樣……借此,谷歌和高知特就可以相互指責(zé),規(guī)避談判責(zé)任。”他解釋說,很難從這兩家公司找到一個具體負(fù)責(zé)人進行溝通,而且工會過去在索要信息時還收到過只包含一個詞的回復(fù)。作為回應(yīng),高知特稱:“奧斯丁辦公室每周都會定期召開面對面的站立會議,因此‘很難與具體負(fù)責(zé)人對話’的言辭并不真切?!彼€表示,本尼迪克特“在公司通知員工合同到期那天(也就是每周定期召開的面對面站立會議期間),是他自己選擇不去辦公室?!惫雀鑼Α敦敻弧冯s志說,與員工溝通是高知特的職責(zé)。

承包方向公司發(fā)難

在各類棘手的裁員現(xiàn)象發(fā)生一年之前,科技行業(yè)并非完全是外界所描述的那樣美輪美奐,對于承包商來說尤為如此。本尼迪克特說:“有人認(rèn)為,因為我們?yōu)閅ouTube工作,或者我們在科技行業(yè)工作,因此我們能達到六位數(shù)的薪資,福利超好,而且完全居家辦公?!比欢@種刻板印象與當(dāng)前的現(xiàn)狀可謂是天差地別。

本尼迪克特每周在辦公室工作五天,時薪略高于19美元。本尼迪克特稱,員工們不僅要面對這個城市的高物價以及殘酷的通勤,還失去了福利,因為在疾控中心宣布疫情結(jié)束之后,公司取消了40小時的帶薪病假,而且很多員工都在帶病上班。德瑪瑞斯并沒有回復(fù)病假政策的問題。谷歌則重申,與福利有關(guān)的政策與他們無關(guān),是高知特的職責(zé)。

本尼迪克特說:“員工們都已經(jīng)入不敷出?!彼€表示,一些雇員是單親父母,而且很多人為了貼補家用不得不兼職多份工作。本尼迪克特稱,即便通脹肆虐,但薪資自2019年,也就是項目開始以來,沒有多大變化。

然而,本尼迪克特及其前同事對于繼續(xù)斗爭充滿了干勁。他告訴其他科技工作者“工會斗爭絕對物有所值”,而且“加入斗爭的人越多,那么我們就更有可能去改變這一克扣我們工資的體制。”

本尼迪克特此前曾在威斯康辛州的一個小鎮(zhèn)的倉庫工作過,這個倉庫當(dāng)時也在組建工會。他認(rèn)為,這對于各個年齡段的工人階層來說都是一個趨勢。經(jīng)濟政策研究所智囊團的一篇報告發(fā)現(xiàn),重大罷工活動數(shù)量在去年飆升了280%。本尼迪克特解釋說,有鑒于全美汽車工人聯(lián)合會(UAW)、美國作家協(xié)會(WGA)和美國演員工會與美國電視和廣播藝人聯(lián)合會(SAG-AFTRA)在過去的勝利概率,令人感到振奮的是,YouTube Music員工的付出已經(jīng)“為承包商和臨時工的權(quán)益奠定了些許基礎(chǔ)?!?/p>

YouTube Music的團隊十分年輕,尤為動蕩的經(jīng)濟以及雇主雇員之間社會契約的崩塌讓這一代人苦不堪言。本尼迪克特在談及大學(xué)學(xué)費、房租以及房屋購買成本不斷攀升時稱,“對我們來說,整個體制都不友好”。

本尼迪克特在談到自己這一代人時表示:“我們所處的這個世界并不利于我們獲得成功,對于所有那些普通上班族來說都是如此?!彼€表示,他希望斗爭到底,并為世界貢獻自己的力量。本尼迪克特說:“人們真的是很失望,而且我覺得我們很快就會看到一些積極的變化。”(財富中文網(wǎng))

譯者:馮豐

審校:夏林

在得知自己失去了YouTube Music的工作之后,杰克·本尼迪克特回到了辦公室,但只拿到了一個紙盒箱子,里面裝著一些個人物品,還是其工友在他被請出大樓時往里面塞的。本尼迪克特對《財富》雜志說,這個團隊由約40名雇員組成,在得知自己的聘用合同已經(jīng)終止而且僅有30分鐘收拾各自物品之后,大多數(shù)隊員已經(jīng)離開了大樓。25歲的本尼迪克特剛從市政廳回來,卻無法上工位收拾自己的物品,并稱自己之后也無法再進入大樓。

上周,有十幾位加入工會的YouTube Music內(nèi)容運營團隊員工在參加奧斯丁市議會聽證會之后失去了自己的工作,其中包括本尼迪克特。他們在聽證會上嘲諷地介紹了自己的工作,談到了谷歌(Google)和高知特(Cognizant,美國國家勞資關(guān)系委員會(NLRB)已決定成為其聯(lián)合雇主)拒絕與其工會談判,而員工將這一行為稱之為對工會的非法破壞。就在本尼迪克特作證時,他的同時凱蒂·馬切納告知了這一突如其來的消息:“公司剛剛把我們所有人都開了。我們的工作崗位今天取消,立即生效。”本尼迪克特的視頻被外界瘋傳,視頻中的他表現(xiàn)得非常震驚。(在收到置評請求后,高知特發(fā)言人杰夫·德瑪瑞斯稱,如果本尼迪克特“在取回沒拿走的個人物品方面需要幫助,我們很快就能安排?!保?/p>

自這些員工首次加入工會以來,谷歌已經(jīng)在起訴NLRB有關(guān)其作為聯(lián)合雇主的決定。根據(jù)這一決定,谷歌有義務(wù)與這些員工進行協(xié)商。到目前為止,勞資關(guān)系委員會站在雇員這一邊。

本尼迪克特經(jīng)歷了漫長的努力才走到了談判桌前。他對《財富》雜志說,他和他前同事的職責(zé)突然遭到了取消,現(xiàn)如今被外包給了印度的同事,而且公司讓本尼迪克特及其同事負(fù)責(zé)培訓(xùn)這些印度員工。本尼迪克特說:“公司是在奧斯丁辦公室員工首次罷工抗議回公司辦公之后才招聘了這些印度員工?!彼€表示,最終YouTube Music的雇員被迫自掘墳?zāi)埂?/p>

本尼迪克特稱,公司告訴雇員,海外團隊將在美國假日或工會罷工期間負(fù)擔(dān)這部分工作。然而,“公司似乎讓我們?nèi)ヅ嘤?xùn)這些用于取代我們的員工?!彼€表示,這一舉措讓人“異常沮喪”,而且此舉表明,“谷歌和高知特對其產(chǎn)品毫不在乎。”

高知特否認(rèn)了公司是因為報復(fù)而解雇員工,而且明確了公司對工會的看法。高知特發(fā)言人杰夫·德瑪瑞斯表示:“盡管我們尊重員工加入工會的權(quán)利,但我們奉行的理念在于,坦誠布公的對話與合作才能產(chǎn)生最好的效果?!彼€表示,他“首先會挑戰(zhàn)你,要求你停止在報告中使用像‘員工’這類傾向性較強的術(shù)語和其他標(biāo)準(zhǔn)用詞?!钡卢斎鹚闺S后稱,《財富》雜志過去曾使用不同的術(shù)語來稱呼工會和非工會員工。

這兩家公司質(zhì)疑了YouTube Music員工敘述中的一些重要內(nèi)容。當(dāng)提及誰負(fù)責(zé)與工會談判以及由誰來終止合同時,谷歌將責(zé)任推的一干二凈,而高知特則對員工被全部解雇這一說法提出了異議。

谷歌公司的一位代表告訴《財富》雜志,YouTube Music團隊成員并非是谷歌雇員,而且“高知特負(fù)責(zé)這些員工的聘用合同,包括人員配置?!边@位發(fā)言人稱,谷歌并沒有反對員工加入工會,但稱公司計劃起訴NLRB的聯(lián)合雇主裁決。

谷歌稱,福利和外包培訓(xùn)流程的取消是高知特單方面的職責(zé)和選擇。谷歌一位發(fā)言人表示:“長期以來,我們與工會化的供應(yīng)商簽訂了很多合同,而且我們期待每一家與我們簽約的公司都能公平對待其雇員,這一點與這家企業(yè)是否成立了工會無關(guān)。我們不會因為供應(yīng)商是否有工會員工而選擇供應(yīng)商或更改合約,而且我們不會因員工選擇加入工會而區(qū)別對待?!?/p>

NLRB發(fā)言人向《財富》雜志透露,當(dāng)前共有11個起訴高知特和谷歌的未決不公平勞動實踐官司。當(dāng)被要求對這些指控進行回應(yīng)時,德瑪瑞斯稱,“所有與NLRB相關(guān)的事件都將在法庭上討論,這類話題適合在那里探討?!惫雀璨]有回答這一問題。

Alphabet員工工會-美國通訊工作者協(xié)會(AWU-CWA)在一份提交給《財富》雜志的聲明中稱,作為對上周事件的回應(yīng),AWU-CWA向NLRB提交了另一份不公平勞動實踐起訴,對象為谷歌和高知特。工會是代表YouTube Music被裁團隊提出了這一起訴,稱“員工被谷歌和高知特以非法手段終止了雇傭關(guān)系,為的是報復(fù)他們的工會組建行為。”

外包指控

德瑪瑞斯并未對用印度員工替代奧斯丁員工的說法發(fā)表意見,這件事情還涉及TikTok,但他稱這些員工并未被辭退,而是“進入了高知特可部署人才池,并獲得了7周的專屬帶薪時間,來熟悉機構(gòu)內(nèi)部的其他職責(zé),并通過我們的培訓(xùn)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)獲取新的技能?!?/p>

YouTube Music員工一直都在申請進行談判,到目前為止已經(jīng)持續(xù)了約一年的時間。這些員工希望得到更好的薪資、福利和更加靈活的工作,但卻未能讓其雇主走上談判桌。對于本尼迪克特來說,突如其來的下崗只不過是這個持續(xù)了一年進程的最新進展。他對《財富》雜志說:“我們不會就這么放棄,我們肯定會斗爭到底。我們要討回公道。我覺得,我們的雇主或前雇主希望看到的是,我們能夠接受這一結(jié)果并淡忘這件事情。”他說,在公道方面,如今還沒有一個明確的說法,但他發(fā)誓工會會采取反擊措施。

本尼迪克特表示:“我覺得令所有人感到異常厭惡的是,自己的辛勞得不到報酬,自己的工作丟了,但公司的利潤卻創(chuàng)下了歷史新高。確實存在問題,而且真的是需要改變。我希望我們的活動能夠幫助改變這一切?!保ü雀枘腹続lphabet去年報出了創(chuàng)紀(jì)錄的第四季度凈收益,207億美元,不過其年凈收益峰值出現(xiàn)在2021年, 760億美元。)

本尼迪克特在領(lǐng)英(LinkedIn)上稱,當(dāng)他最初于2022年9月加入YouTube Music完全遠程辦公時,工會組建舉措已經(jīng)在醞釀當(dāng)中。去年4月,員工以41-1票通過,由美國通訊工作者協(xié)會代表其權(quán)益。本尼迪克特說,在團隊公布其舉措后不久,谷歌和高知特宣布了新的每周五天回公司辦公強制令。他解釋說,對于團隊里很多并不住在奧斯丁甚至德州的成員來說,新政策“基本上就是下崗令”。他還表示,作為回應(yīng),這些員工舉行了罷工活動。高知特發(fā)言人德瑪瑞斯稱,公司“自2021年12月以來就一直在與常駐奧斯丁的雇員溝通回公司辦公的政策。有關(guān)這一時間線的其他描述都是虛構(gòu)和不實的?!?/p>

高知特和谷歌相互甩鍋,YouTube Music員工成為犧牲品

谷歌和高知特稱,他們并沒有終止雇員合同,而是合同自然到期。高知特發(fā)言人德瑪瑞斯對《財富》雜志說,合約到期在此前就已納入計劃。

然而,本尼迪克特指著自己在市政廳視頻中受驚嚇的模樣稱,這是“徹徹底底的裁員”。他對《財富》雜志說:“我們完全不知道會發(fā)生這種事情?!北灸岬峡颂胤Q,即便是帶有合同的臨時工作,工會在其引導(dǎo)下以為與谷歌的合約會得到續(xù)簽。本尼迪克特說,谷歌在開展其他裁員工作時通常會在數(shù)個月前發(fā)布通知,但只給了YouTube Music員工30分鐘離開辦公室的時間。

工會相信本尼迪克特的說辭。“谷歌和高知特稱,YouTube Music內(nèi)容運營團隊上周四發(fā)生的事情是業(yè)務(wù)過程中常見的計劃內(nèi)合約到期。AWU-CWA在向財富提交的一份聲明中指出,事實上,公司在中午的時候便通知員工其工作崗位取消了,立即生效,而且為其收拾個人物品設(shè)定了時限”。

這兩家雇主相互推卸責(zé)任,而遭殃的卻是前YouTube Music團隊。本尼迪克特說:“其意圖可謂是非常之明顯,它們正企圖瓦解我們的工會。我認(rèn)為,更明顯的一個事實在于,他們讓我們來培訓(xùn)印度的一個團隊來做同樣的事情,而且即便谷歌的合約到期了,但這個團隊并未失去其工作。只有奧斯丁加入工會的員工被谷歌和高知特炒了魷魚?!?/p>

高知特依然認(rèn)為,前YouTube Music團隊并未被解雇,而是“將成為高知特可部署人才池的一部分,也就是進入公司的‘替補席’?!钡卢斎鹚狗Q,“數(shù)千名高知特雇員都是通過替補席穿梭于各個活躍項目中”,而且他自己團隊的兩名成員也是來自于替補席。

然而,本尼迪克特認(rèn)為,這種替補席只不過是裁員前的集中營。他說:“我從來沒聽說過有人在進入替補席之后重新獲得聘用。”他還表示,替補席本身并非是談?wù)摰摹爸攸c”,重點在于,工會成員爭取的是自己的本職工作崗位,他們原本接受的就是這方面的培訓(xùn)或有這方面的專長。

本尼迪克特表示,整個合約系統(tǒng)似乎刻意隱瞞了員工權(quán)益負(fù)責(zé)方的信息。“他們似乎故意設(shè)計成這樣……借此,谷歌和高知特就可以相互指責(zé),規(guī)避談判責(zé)任?!彼忉屨f,很難從這兩家公司找到一個具體負(fù)責(zé)人進行溝通,而且工會過去在索要信息時還收到過只包含一個詞的回復(fù)。作為回應(yīng),高知特稱:“奧斯丁辦公室每周都會定期召開面對面的站立會議,因此‘很難與具體負(fù)責(zé)人對話’的言辭并不真切?!彼€表示,本尼迪克特“在公司通知員工合同到期那天(也就是每周定期召開的面對面站立會議期間),是他自己選擇不去辦公室?!惫雀鑼Α敦敻弧冯s志說,與員工溝通是高知特的職責(zé)。

承包方向公司發(fā)難

在各類棘手的裁員現(xiàn)象發(fā)生一年之前,科技行業(yè)并非完全是外界所描述的那樣美輪美奐,對于承包商來說尤為如此。本尼迪克特說:“有人認(rèn)為,因為我們?yōu)閅ouTube工作,或者我們在科技行業(yè)工作,因此我們能達到六位數(shù)的薪資,福利超好,而且完全居家辦公?!比欢?,這種刻板印象與當(dāng)前的現(xiàn)狀可謂是天差地別。

本尼迪克特每周在辦公室工作五天,時薪略高于19美元。本尼迪克特稱,員工們不僅要面對這個城市的高物價以及殘酷的通勤,還失去了福利,因為在疾控中心宣布疫情結(jié)束之后,公司取消了40小時的帶薪病假,而且很多員工都在帶病上班。德瑪瑞斯并沒有回復(fù)病假政策的問題。谷歌則重申,與福利有關(guān)的政策與他們無關(guān),是高知特的職責(zé)。

本尼迪克特說:“員工們都已經(jīng)入不敷出?!彼€表示,一些雇員是單親父母,而且很多人為了貼補家用不得不兼職多份工作。本尼迪克特稱,即便通脹肆虐,但薪資自2019年,也就是項目開始以來,沒有多大變化。

然而,本尼迪克特及其前同事對于繼續(xù)斗爭充滿了干勁。他告訴其他科技工作者“工會斗爭絕對物有所值”,而且“加入斗爭的人越多,那么我們就更有可能去改變這一克扣我們工資的體制?!?/p>

本尼迪克特此前曾在威斯康辛州的一個小鎮(zhèn)的倉庫工作過,這個倉庫當(dāng)時也在組建工會。他認(rèn)為,這對于各個年齡段的工人階層來說都是一個趨勢。經(jīng)濟政策研究所智囊團的一篇報告發(fā)現(xiàn),重大罷工活動數(shù)量在去年飆升了280%。本尼迪克特解釋說,有鑒于全美汽車工人聯(lián)合會(UAW)、美國作家協(xié)會(WGA)和美國演員工會與美國電視和廣播藝人聯(lián)合會(SAG-AFTRA)在過去的勝利概率,令人感到振奮的是,YouTube Music員工的付出已經(jīng)“為承包商和臨時工的權(quán)益奠定了些許基礎(chǔ)?!?/p>

YouTube Music的團隊十分年輕,尤為動蕩的經(jīng)濟以及雇主雇員之間社會契約的崩塌讓這一代人苦不堪言。本尼迪克特在談及大學(xué)學(xué)費、房租以及房屋購買成本不斷攀升時稱,“對我們來說,整個體制都不友好”。

本尼迪克特在談到自己這一代人時表示:“我們所處的這個世界并不利于我們獲得成功,對于所有那些普通上班族來說都是如此?!彼€表示,他希望斗爭到底,并為世界貢獻自己的力量。本尼迪克特說:“人們真的是很失望,而且我覺得我們很快就會看到一些積極的變化。”(財富中文網(wǎng))

譯者:馮豐

審校:夏林

Jack Benedict marches in a picket line in front of Google offices in downtown Austin, Texas, on Feb. 21, 2023.

Shortly after he learned he no longer had a job with YouTube Music, Jack Benedict went back to his office to be met by a cardboard box of some of his stuff that co-workers had thrown together while being ushered out. Most of the team of around 40 employees had already left the building, having learned their contracts had ended and that they’d been given 30 minutes to leave, Benedict tells Fortune. Coming from the city hall, Benedict, 25, was unable to enter his workplace to collect the rest of his things, and says he has yet to be able to re-enter.

Last week, Benedict was one of several dozen unionized workers on the YouTube Music Content Operations Team who found out that they were losing their jobs while testifying to Austin City Council. They were speaking, ironically, about their work—the refusal of Google and Cognizant, whom the National Labor Relations Board (NLRB) had determined to be their joint employers, to negotiate with their union, which the workers claimed was illegal union-busting. While Benedict was testifying, his co-worker Katie Marschener relayed the sudden news: “They just laid us all off. Our jobs are ended today, effective immediately,” Marschener said. The video of Benedict, obviously surprised, went viral. (Reached for comment, Cognizant spokesperson Jeff DeMarrais said if Benedict “needs help retrieving his things [left behind], that can be arranged very quickly.”)

Since the workers first joined the union, Google has appealed the NLRB’s decision that they are joint employers, which obligates the company to bargain with them, with the board siding with the employees so far.

After a long push to get to the bargaining table, Benedict told Fortune that not only were his and his former co-workers’ roles suddenly eliminated, but they’ve now been outsourced to workers in India whom Benedict and his colleagues were instructed to train. Those workers were hired after the Austin worker’s first strike last year over returning to the office, says Benedict. Essentially, in his telling, YouTube Music employees were forced to dig their own grave.

According to Benedict, the employees were told that the overseas team would cover whenever there was an American holiday or a union strike. But “it appears that they were having us train our own replacements for the job,” he says, adding that it’s “incredibly frustrating” and it suggests that “Google and Cognizant really don’t care about their products.”

Cognizant denied that it fired workers in retaliation, while making its opinions regarding the union drive clear. “While we respect the right of our associates to unionize, our philosophy is that we work best together with direct open dialogue and collaboration,” Cognizant spokesperson Jeff DeMarrais said, adding that he’d “l(fā)ike to first challenge you to stop using charged terms like ‘workers’ and other standard rhetoric in your reporting.” DeMarrais then claimed that Fortune has historically used different terms to refer to union and non-union labor.

Both companies challenge certain key parts of the account of the YouTube Music workers. When it comes to who is responsible for negotiating with the union and who terminated them, Google shirks responsibility. Cognizant, on the other hand, challenges the notion that workers were laid off entirely.

A representative from Google told Fortune that members of the YouTube Music team weren’t Google employees and that “Cognizant is responsible for these workers’ employment terms, including staffing.” The spokesperson added that Google had no objections to the unionization, but said the company plans to appeal NLRB’s joint-employer ruling.

Google added that removal of benefits and outsourcing training process is Cognizant’s sole domain and choice. “We’ve long had many contracts with unionized suppliers and we expect everyone who we contract with to treat their employees fairly, whether they are unionized or not,” a spokesperson from Google said. “We do not select or alter contracts based on whether our suppliers have unionized workforces and we do not treat anyone differently if they choose to join a union or not.”

There are currently 11 open unfair labor practice charges filed against Cognizant and Google, a spokesperson from the NLRB tells Fortune. When asked for a response to these charges, DeMarrais said that “all matters pertaining to the NLRB will be discussed in court, which is the appropriate forum for that conversation.” Google did not answer this question.

In response to last week’s incident, the Alphabet Workers Union-Communications Workers of America (AWU-CWA) is filing another Unfair Labor Practice charge with the NLRB against Google and Cognizant, it said in a statement to Fortune. Pressing charges on behalf of the laid off team at YouTube Music, the union alleges that “workers were unlawfully terminated by Google and Cognizant in retaliation for their union organizing.”

The outsourcing allegation

DeMarrais did not address the claim that Austin-based workers were replaced by employees in India, which has also made the rounds on TikTok, but said that the workers weren’t laid off. Instead “they have become part of Cognizant’s deployable talent pool where they are given seven weeks of dedicated, paid time to explore other roles within the organization and build new skills through our training ecosystem.”

YouTube Music workers have been petitioning to negotiate for about a year now. Looking for better pay, benefits, and more flexible work, the workers struggled to get their employers to the bargaining table. For Benedict, the abrupt end to his job is just the latest development in a yearslong process. “They’re not done with us yet,” he tells Fortune. “We are absolutely going to keep fighting. We want justice. I think our employers, or former employers, would love it if we just moved on and forgot about it,” he adds. He says that what justice looks like isn’t clear right now, but vows that the union will push back.

“I think everyone’s pretty sick of not being paid for the hard work that they do, losing their jobs while the corporations make record profits,” Benedict asserts. “Something’s not right. And it really needs to change. I’m hoping that our campaign can help change that.” (Google parent Alphabet reported record net income in the fourth quarter of last year, at $20.7 billion, although its peak on an annual basis was $76 billion in 2021.)

The unionization effort was already brewing when Benedict first joined YouTube Music in a fully remote role in September 2022, according to his LinkedIn. Last April, workers voted 41-1 to be represented by Communications Workers of America. Shortly after the team went public with their efforts, Google and Cognizant announced a new five-days-a-week return to office mandate, according to Benedict. The new policy was “essentially a layoff for the many people on our team who didn’t live in Austin, or even Texas,” he explains, adding that they went on strike in response. Cognizant spokesperson DeMarrais said the company “communicated its return to office policy to our Austin-based employees repeatedly since December 2021. Any other depiction of that timeline is mythical and rhetoric.”

Cognizant and Google point fingers, YouTube Music workers ushered out

Both Google and Cognizant say that they didn’t terminate employees but that the contract ended naturally. DeMarrais, the Cognizant spokesperson, told Fortune that the contract’s end was pre-planned.

But Benedict says that it was “absolutely a layoff,” pointing to his shell-shocked demeanor in the City Hall video. “We had absolutely no idea that this was going to happen,” he tells Fortune. Even though it was a contract gig, according to Benedict, the union was led to believe the contract with Google would be renewed. Other Google layoffs typically involve giving months notice, but YouTube Music workers were given 30 minutes to leave the office, according to Benedict.

The union backs Benedict’s account. “Google and Cognizant have claimed that what happened last Thursday to the YouTube Music Content Operations Team was the planned expiration of a contract in the course of ’business as usual. In reality, workers were informed midday that their jobs were gone, effective immediately, and put on a timer to gather their belongings,” Alphabet Workers Union-CWA shares in a statement to Fortune.

But the former YouTube Music team is feeling the blow, even if both employers shunt blame to the other party. “It’s just a very, very obvious example that they are trying to bust our union. And I think it’s made even more obvious by the fact they had us train a team in India to do the same thing and that team did not lose their job” even when the Google contract ended, says Benedict. “Only the unionized people in Austin lost their job with Google and Cognizant.”

Cognizant maintains that the former YouTube Music team was not laid off, but “will become part of Cognizant’s deployable talent pool, better known as our ‘bench.’” DeMarrais said that “tens of thousands of Cognizant employees move between active projects via the bench,” and two members of his own team were hired from the bench.

But Benedict believes this bench is merely a holding pen before an eventual layoff. “We don’t know of anybody who’s ever been rehired from the bench,” he says. He adds that the bench itself is “besides the point,” noting that the union members were fighting for their specific jobs for which they were trained for and have expertise in.

And the entire contracting system appears to purposely cloud who is responsible for the worker’s rights, adds Benedict. “It seems to be their design … Google and Cognizant can point fingers at one another to avoid responsibility for negotiations.” He explains that it’s been hard to speak to any actual person from either company, and the union has in the past received one-word answers when requesting information. In response, Cognizant said “there were regular, in-person weekly standup meetings in the Austin office so it ‘being hard to speak to an actual person’ simply isn’t true.” He added that Benedict “chose not to be in the office on the day that our associates were notified of the contract expiry (during the regular, in-person weekly standup meetings).” Google told Fortune that communication was Cognizant’s responsibility.

Contractors challenge corporations

Even before a year of challenging layoffs, the tech world wasn’t exactly the dreamy world it was portrayed as, especially for contractors. “There’s the assumption that because we work for YouTube, or we work in tech that we made six figures, had amazing benefits, [and] work fully remote,” says Benedict. But the stereotype couldn’t be further from the situation at hand.

Working in-office five days a week, Benedict was paid only a little more than $19 an hour. Navigating an expensive city and a “brutal” commute, workers were also dealing with a loss of benefits as their 40 hours of paid sick leave were taken away when the CDC declared the pandemic over, and many workers came in sick, according to Benedict. DeMarrais did not respond to a question about the sick leave policy. Google, once again, said this policy regarding benefits was not in their domain but Cognizant’s.

“People were struggling to make ends meet,” says Benedict, adding that some employees were single parents and many worked multiple jobs to supplement their income. Even as inflation raged, wages had stayed at the same rate since 2019, when the project began, according to Benedict.

Still, Benedict and his former co-workers are motivated to keep pushing. He tells other tech workers “the union fight is absolutely worth it,” and that the “more people that join the fight, the more likely we are to change the system that is working to underpay us.”

Having previously worked in a warehouse in a small town in Wisconsin that was also unionizing, Benedict believes that this is a movement from working class people across generations. A report from the think tank the Economic Policy Institute found that major strike activity skytocked by 280% last year. Taking note from past wins of the UAW as well as WGA and SAG-AFTRA, Benedict explains it’s exciting that YouTube Music workers’ efforts have “l(fā)a[id] some of the groundwork for the rights of contractors and temps.”

The team at YouTube Music is fairly young and feeling the generational burns of navigating an especially volatile economy and a crumbling social contract between employers and employees. “The system has been not good for us,” says Benedict, speaking of a ballooning price in college, rent, and affording housing.

“We’re coming into a world that’s not set up for us to succeed,” Benedict says of his generation, “as well as just anyone who’s doing some sort of working class job, it’s not working for them either.” Adding that he wants to keep fighting and hopes to do some good in the world, Benedict says “people are just fed up, and I think we’re gonna see some positive change coming real soon.”

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