眾所周知,紐約的生活成本極高。穆迪(Moody’s)估計(jì),要在“帝國(guó)州”紐約舒適租房,收入需要超過(guò)135,000美元。2019年,這個(gè)數(shù)字約為111,000美元,相當(dāng)于五年內(nèi)約提高了22%。
舒適租房是指將不超過(guò)30%的收入用于租房。在美國(guó),盡管房租上漲,但收入?yún)s沒(méi)有隨之上漲,舒適租房變得越來(lái)越難。例如,在馬薩諸塞州,你的收入要超過(guò)113,000美元,才能付得起房租。但穆迪的分析報(bào)告認(rèn)為,“紐約州和馬薩諸塞州中位數(shù)家庭收入,不足以支持人們?cè)诓辉斐山?jīng)濟(jì)負(fù)擔(dān)的情況下,租住平均價(jià)格的公寓?!?
在加州,你的收入需要達(dá)到約95,000美元,才能支付得起租金,并且房租不會(huì)成為經(jīng)濟(jì)負(fù)擔(dān)。令人意外的是,加州的中位數(shù)收入略高于這個(gè)水平,但租客依舊處境艱難。加州住房公共政策研究所(Public Policy Housing Institute of California)的數(shù)據(jù)顯示,加州將超過(guò)一半收入用于支付房租的租客數(shù)量,遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)多于除紐約州和馬薩諸塞州之外的其他州。
其他房租較高的地區(qū)包括:新澤西州、華盛頓特區(qū)、夏威夷州、華盛頓州、康涅狄格州、伊利諾伊州、佛羅里達(dá)州和弗吉尼亞州,舒適租房所需要的收入約為69,000美元至約88,000美元。
有一個(gè)事實(shí):房租在疫情期間大幅上漲。2022年,全美有一半租房家庭租金負(fù)擔(dān)過(guò)重,總計(jì)達(dá)到2,240萬(wàn)租客,為史上最高。同一年,租金負(fù)擔(dān)嚴(yán)重過(guò)重的租房家庭的數(shù)量達(dá)到1,210萬(wàn),創(chuàng)歷史紀(jì)錄。哈佛大學(xué)(Harvard University)房地產(chǎn)研究聯(lián)合中心早期的報(bào)告稱:“數(shù)十年來(lái),房租上漲速度快于收入上漲速度,而疫情期間的房租暴漲則引發(fā)了前所未有的可負(fù)擔(dān)性危機(jī)?!?
但今年上半年,情況出現(xiàn)了逆轉(zhuǎn)——房租下降,收入增長(zhǎng)。美國(guó)所有大都市區(qū)的收入實(shí)現(xiàn)了增長(zhǎng)(穆迪分析顯示,在舊金山,收入漲幅超過(guò)5%,因?yàn)椤案咝郊夹g(shù)崗位集中在這個(gè)地區(qū),比例超過(guò)平均水平”)。另一方面,45%的大都市區(qū)房租下降。這并不意味著租房市場(chǎng)已經(jīng)恢復(fù)正常,事實(shí)恰恰相反。全美房租收入比有所下降,但依舊高于過(guò)去二十年的普通水平。因此有多個(gè)大都市區(qū)依舊面臨高房租所帶來(lái)的負(fù)擔(dān)。
紐約大都市區(qū)的房租收入比接近58%;在邁阿密約為37%;在洛杉磯約為32%。新澤西州北部、亞利桑那州弗拉哥斯塔夫、佛羅里達(dá)州那不勒斯、波士頓、紐約州威斯特切斯特和棕櫚灘等地的房租收入比均高于30%。
分析報(bào)告稱:“房屋供應(yīng)不足和渴望在人口密集的城市核心區(qū)域居住的期望,使紐約大都市區(qū)的平均房租同比上漲了約2%,”達(dá)到接近4,200美元的史上最高水平。然而,這里的收入僅增長(zhǎng)了1.4%,“是所有主要大都市區(qū)增長(zhǎng)最慢的一個(gè)”。
我們?cè)摵稳ズ螐??穆迪建議:“名義收入將繼續(xù)以比房租更快的速度增長(zhǎng),未來(lái)幾年這將降低房租收入比?!边@是好事,但美國(guó)依舊有數(shù)百萬(wàn)套住房的缺口,而且最近的公寓建設(shè)繁榮似乎已經(jīng)達(dá)到了頂峰,多戶住宅項(xiàng)目減少。雖然需求也在減少,人們總是需要有一處安居之所,但經(jīng)濟(jì)適用住房卻遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不足——在紐約,只有11%的住房為經(jīng)濟(jì)適用房。(財(cái)富中文網(wǎng))
譯者:劉進(jìn)龍
審校:汪皓
美國(guó)房租過(guò)高。Getty Images
眾所周知,紐約的生活成本極高。穆迪(Moody’s)估計(jì),要在“帝國(guó)州”紐約舒適租房,收入需要超過(guò)135,000美元。2019年,這個(gè)數(shù)字約為111,000美元,相當(dāng)于五年內(nèi)約提高了22%。
舒適租房是指將不超過(guò)30%的收入用于租房。在美國(guó),盡管房租上漲,但收入?yún)s沒(méi)有隨之上漲,舒適租房變得越來(lái)越難。例如,在馬薩諸塞州,你的收入要超過(guò)113,000美元,才能付得起房租。但穆迪的分析報(bào)告認(rèn)為,“紐約州和馬薩諸塞州中位數(shù)家庭收入,不足以支持人們?cè)诓辉斐山?jīng)濟(jì)負(fù)擔(dān)的情況下,租住平均價(jià)格的公寓。”
在加州,你的收入需要達(dá)到約95,000美元,才能支付得起租金,并且房租不會(huì)成為經(jīng)濟(jì)負(fù)擔(dān)。令人意外的是,加州的中位數(shù)收入略高于這個(gè)水平,但租客依舊處境艱難。加州住房公共政策研究所(Public Policy Housing Institute of California)的數(shù)據(jù)顯示,加州將超過(guò)一半收入用于支付房租的租客數(shù)量,遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)多于除紐約州和馬薩諸塞州之外的其他州。
其他房租較高的地區(qū)包括:新澤西州、華盛頓特區(qū)、夏威夷州、華盛頓州、康涅狄格州、伊利諾伊州、佛羅里達(dá)州和弗吉尼亞州,舒適租房所需要的收入約為69,000美元至約88,000美元。
有一個(gè)事實(shí):房租在疫情期間大幅上漲。2022年,全美有一半租房家庭租金負(fù)擔(dān)過(guò)重,總計(jì)達(dá)到2,240萬(wàn)租客,為史上最高。同一年,租金負(fù)擔(dān)嚴(yán)重過(guò)重的租房家庭的數(shù)量達(dá)到1,210萬(wàn),創(chuàng)歷史紀(jì)錄。哈佛大學(xué)(Harvard University)房地產(chǎn)研究聯(lián)合中心早期的報(bào)告稱:“數(shù)十年來(lái),房租上漲速度快于收入上漲速度,而疫情期間的房租暴漲則引發(fā)了前所未有的可負(fù)擔(dān)性危機(jī)?!?
但今年上半年,情況出現(xiàn)了逆轉(zhuǎn)——房租下降,收入增長(zhǎng)。美國(guó)所有大都市區(qū)的收入實(shí)現(xiàn)了增長(zhǎng)(穆迪分析顯示,在舊金山,收入漲幅超過(guò)5%,因?yàn)椤案咝郊夹g(shù)崗位集中在這個(gè)地區(qū),比例超過(guò)平均水平”)。另一方面,45%的大都市區(qū)房租下降。這并不意味著租房市場(chǎng)已經(jīng)恢復(fù)正常,事實(shí)恰恰相反。全美房租收入比有所下降,但依舊高于過(guò)去二十年的普通水平。因此有多個(gè)大都市區(qū)依舊面臨高房租所帶來(lái)的負(fù)擔(dān)。
紐約大都市區(qū)的房租收入比接近58%;在邁阿密約為37%;在洛杉磯約為32%。新澤西州北部、亞利桑那州弗拉哥斯塔夫、佛羅里達(dá)州那不勒斯、波士頓、紐約州威斯特切斯特和棕櫚灘等地的房租收入比均高于30%。
分析報(bào)告稱:“房屋供應(yīng)不足和渴望在人口密集的城市核心區(qū)域居住的期望,使紐約大都市區(qū)的平均房租同比上漲了約2%,”達(dá)到接近4,200美元的史上最高水平。然而,這里的收入僅增長(zhǎng)了1.4%,“是所有主要大都市區(qū)增長(zhǎng)最慢的一個(gè)”。
我們?cè)摵稳ズ螐模磕碌辖ㄗh:“名義收入將繼續(xù)以比房租更快的速度增長(zhǎng),未來(lái)幾年這將降低房租收入比?!边@是好事,但美國(guó)依舊有數(shù)百萬(wàn)套住房的缺口,而且最近的公寓建設(shè)繁榮似乎已經(jīng)達(dá)到了頂峰,多戶住宅項(xiàng)目減少。雖然需求也在減少,人們總是需要有一處安居之所,但經(jīng)濟(jì)適用住房卻遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不足——在紐約,只有11%的住房為經(jīng)濟(jì)適用房。(財(cái)富中文網(wǎng))
譯者:劉進(jìn)龍
審校:汪皓
New York is expensive—we all know that. But to rent comfortably in the Empire State, you need to make more than $135,000, according to Moody’s. In 2019, the necessary income was around $111,000, so there’s been about a 22% increase in only five years.
Renting comfortably is defined as spending no more than 30% of your earnings on housing, and that’s becoming much more difficult across the country because rents are high and incomes haven’t always kept up. For instance, in Massachusetts, you need to make more than $113,000 to afford your rent. But the “median household income in the state of New York and Massachusetts do not support living in an average priced apartment without burden,” a Moody’s analysis read.
In California, you need to earn around $95,000 to pay your rent without entering into rent-burdened territory, and surprisingly, the median income for the state is slightly higher than that. But still, renters are struggling—more California renters spend over half their income on rent compared to tenants in all but two other states, according to the Public Policy Housing Institute of California.
The rest of the most expensive areas are as follows: New Jersey, Washington, D.C., Hawaii, Washington, Connecticut, Illinois, Florida, and Virginia, where the income needed to rent comfortably ranges from roughly $88,000 to around $69,000.
So here’s the deal: Rents rose dramatically throughout the pandemic. In 2022, half of all renter households were considered cost-burdened, totaling 22.4 million renters, the highest on record. And the number of severely cost-burdened renter households hit an all-time high of 12.1 million in the same year. “While rents have been rising faster than incomes for decades, the pandemic-era rent surge produced an unprecedented affordability crisis,” an earlier report from Harvard University’s Joint Center for Housing Studies read.
But the first half of this year saw a reversal—rents declined while incomes increased. Incomes rose across all metropolitan areas (in San Francisco, they actually rose more than 5% because of an “above-average concentration in high-paying technology jobs,” Moody’s said). Rents, on the other hand, declined in 45% of metros. This isn’t to say things are all right in the world of renting—they’re not. The rent-to-income ratio, nationally, has alleviated some. But it is still higher than it’s generally been for the past two decades. So there are several metropolitan areas still burdened by sky-high rents.
The New York metropolitan area has a rent-to-income ratio nearing 58%; in Miami, it’s almost 37%; and in Los Angeles, it’s roughly 32%. The list goes on, with northern New Jersey; Flagstaff, Ariz.; Naples, Fla.; Boston; Westchester, N.Y.; and Palm Beach all above that 30% threshold.
“Housing shortage and desirability to live in the densely populated urban core pushed New York metro’s average rent up by nearly 2% over the year,” the analysis states, to an all time high close to $4,200. Income, however, rose 1.4%, “the slowest among all primary metros.”
So where do we go from here? Moody’s suggests: “Nominal income will continue to grow at a faster rate than rent, easing the headline rent-to-income ratio over the next few years.” That’s great, but we are missing millions of homes, and a recent boom in the construction of apartments has sort of peaked. Multifamily projects are down, and while demand has cooled, too, people will always need a place to live, and there isn’t much affordable housing to go around—in New York, only about 11% of housing is affordable.