人的情緒有時會隨著季節(jié)的更迭而出現(xiàn)波動。
當(dāng)氣溫下降,需要穿毛衣的季節(jié)全面來臨時,有些人可能開始感覺情緒低落,不愿意與周圍的世界互動,這在一定程度上是因為陽光照射時間變短和維生素D攝入量減少,這可能限制血清素的釋放。而血清素是一種令人感到愉悅的激素。
這種現(xiàn)象被稱為季節(jié)性情緒失調(diào)(SAD),據(jù)估計有1,000萬美國人深受影響,而且受影響的女性比例高于男性,年輕人比例較高。這是一種在某些月份(通常從晚秋到初春)達到高峰的抑郁癥,癥狀包括絕望感、疲勞、睡眠困難和退出正?;顒?。
季節(jié)性情緒失調(diào)在氣溫波動較大的地區(qū)更加普遍,而且有些國家可能對你的冬季心情有更大影響。Healthnews根據(jù)五個關(guān)鍵風(fēng)險因素,即緯度、抑郁癥患病率、雙相情感障礙患病率、女性人口規(guī)模和18-30歲的人口規(guī)模等,分析了194個國家的“全球冬季SAD風(fēng)險”。根據(jù)這種方法,對這些因素進行加權(quán)計算,賦予每個國家一個分?jǐn)?shù),滿分100分,最高分代表患SAD的風(fēng)險最高。
雖然《世界幸福報告》(World Happiness Report)對許多北歐國家的評價較高(芬蘭連續(xù)七年被評為幸福感最高的國家,緊隨其后的是丹麥、冰島和瑞典),但這些國家所處的緯度,使其SAD患病率可能高于其他南方國家。需要進一步研究這種差異,以了解其背后的原因,以及各國提升幸福感的計劃和倡議是如何在有意無意間減輕生活在冬季抑郁癥高發(fā)地區(qū)居民的心理健康風(fēng)險的。
以下是全球冬季抑郁癥高發(fā)地區(qū)名單:
1.格陵蘭:79.7
2.芬蘭:69.3
3.瑞典:67.1
4.英國:64.6
5.挪威:63.1
6.冰島:62.9
7.加拿大:62.0
8.立陶宛:60.7
9.丹麥:60.5
10.愛爾蘭:59.3
11.拉脫維亞:58.9
12.愛沙尼亞:58.7
13.新西蘭:58.2
14.荷蘭:57.9
15.白俄羅斯:57.9
Healthnews的分析稱:“根據(jù)谷歌趨勢(Google Trends)的分析,在過去五年中,在冬季抑郁癥指數(shù)得分最高的前10個國家中,有6個國家也位列‘季節(jié)性情緒失調(diào)’一詞谷歌搜索排名的前15名。這種重疊表明我們的研究可能有效地反映了現(xiàn)實世界的問題,特別是在SAD患病率可能最高的地區(qū)。”
如何應(yīng)對季節(jié)性情緒失調(diào)
與控制一般抑郁癥一樣,根據(jù)嚴(yán)重程度接受談話治療和藥物治療,可能是合適的方案。但針對SAD,其他專家特別推薦光照療法,即每天在光療箱中接受30至45分鐘的光照。(財富中文網(wǎng))
譯者:劉進龍
審校:汪皓
人的情緒有時會隨著季節(jié)的更迭而出現(xiàn)波動。
當(dāng)氣溫下降,需要穿毛衣的季節(jié)全面來臨時,有些人可能開始感覺情緒低落,不愿意與周圍的世界互動,這在一定程度上是因為陽光照射時間變短和維生素D攝入量減少,這可能限制血清素的釋放。而血清素是一種令人感到愉悅的激素。
這種現(xiàn)象被稱為季節(jié)性情緒失調(diào)(SAD),據(jù)估計有1,000萬美國人深受影響,而且受影響的女性比例高于男性,年輕人比例較高。這是一種在某些月份(通常從晚秋到初春)達到高峰的抑郁癥,癥狀包括絕望感、疲勞、睡眠困難和退出正?;顒?。
季節(jié)性情緒失調(diào)在氣溫波動較大的地區(qū)更加普遍,而且有些國家可能對你的冬季心情有更大影響。Healthnews根據(jù)五個關(guān)鍵風(fēng)險因素,即緯度、抑郁癥患病率、雙相情感障礙患病率、女性人口規(guī)模和18-30歲的人口規(guī)模等,分析了194個國家的“全球冬季SAD風(fēng)險”。根據(jù)這種方法,對這些因素進行加權(quán)計算,賦予每個國家一個分?jǐn)?shù),滿分100分,最高分代表患SAD的風(fēng)險最高。
雖然《世界幸福報告》(World Happiness Report)對許多北歐國家的評價較高(芬蘭連續(xù)七年被評為幸福感最高的國家,緊隨其后的是丹麥、冰島和瑞典),但這些國家所處的緯度,使其SAD患病率可能高于其他南方國家。需要進一步研究這種差異,以了解其背后的原因,以及各國提升幸福感的計劃和倡議是如何在有意無意間減輕生活在冬季抑郁癥高發(fā)地區(qū)居民的心理健康風(fēng)險的。
以下是全球冬季抑郁癥高發(fā)地區(qū)名單:
1.格陵蘭:79.7
2.芬蘭:69.3
3.瑞典:67.1
4.英國:64.6
5.挪威:63.1
6.冰島:62.9
7.加拿大:62.0
8.立陶宛:60.7
9.丹麥:60.5
10.愛爾蘭:59.3
11.拉脫維亞:58.9
12.愛沙尼亞:58.7
13.新西蘭:58.2
14.荷蘭:57.9
15.白俄羅斯:57.9
Healthnews的分析稱:“根據(jù)谷歌趨勢(Google Trends)的分析,在過去五年中,在冬季抑郁癥指數(shù)得分最高的前10個國家中,有6個國家也位列‘季節(jié)性情緒失調(diào)’一詞谷歌搜索排名的前15名。這種重疊表明我們的研究可能有效地反映了現(xiàn)實世界的問題,特別是在SAD患病率可能最高的地區(qū)?!?/p>
如何應(yīng)對季節(jié)性情緒失調(diào)
與控制一般抑郁癥一樣,根據(jù)嚴(yán)重程度接受談話治療和藥物治療,可能是合適的方案。但針對SAD,其他專家特別推薦光照療法,即每天在光療箱中接受30至45分鐘的光照。(財富中文網(wǎng))
譯者:劉進龍
審校:汪皓
As the seasons change, moods sometimes do too.
When temperatures drop and sweater weather is in full swing, some people may begin to notice they feel down and not as engaged with the world around them—in part because fewer sunlight hours and less vitamin D exposure can limit the release of the feel-good hormone serotonin.
The phenomenon is called seasonal affective disorder (SAD), which affects an estimated 10 million Americans—more women than men, and a higher percentage of young adults. It is a form of depression that peaks during certain months, typically from late fall to early spring, and includes symptoms like feelings of hopelessness, fatigue, trouble sleeping, and a withdrawal from normal activities.
SAD is more common in regions with significant temperature fluctuations—and some countries may have a greater impact on your winter mood. Healthnews analyzed 194 countries’ “global winter-pattern SAD risk” by assessing five key risk factors: latitude, depressive disorders prevalence, bipolar disorder prevalence, female population size, and 18- to-30-year-old population size. According to the methodology, these factors were weighted together to give each country a score out of 100, with the highest value indicating the most risk for SAD.
While the World Happiness Report celebrates many Nordic countries (Finland ranks No. 1 as the happiest country for the seventh consecutive year, followed in close range by Denmark, Iceland, and Sweden), their latitudes also put them at risk for a higher prevalence of SAD cases compared to their southern counterparts. More research is needed to understand this discrepancy and how the countries’ well-being protocols and initiatives may, intentionally or not, mitigate the mental health risks of living in a winter depression hotspot.
Here is a list of the world’s winter depression hotspots:
1. Greenland: 79.7
2. Finland: 69.3
3. Sweden: 67.1
4. United Kingdom: 64.6
5. Norway: 63.1
6. Iceland: 62.9
7. Canada: 62.0
8. Lithuania: 60.7
9. Denmark: 60.5
10. Ireland: 59.3
11. Latvia: 58.9
12. Estonia: 58.7
13. New Zealand: 58.2
14. Netherlands: 57.9
15. Belarus: 57.9
“According to Google Trends analysis, six out of the top 10 countries with the highest index score of winter depression also rank in the top 15 Google searches for the term ‘seasonal affective disorder’ over the past five years,” according to Healthnews’ analysis. “This overlap suggests that our study may effectively reflect real-world concerns, especially in regions where SAD may be the most prevalent.”
How to cope with seasonal affective disorder
Depending on the severity, as with managing general depression, talk therapy and medication may be the right protocol. For SAD specifically, though, other experts recommend light therapy, by exposing yourself daily to a light box for 30 to 45 minutes.