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專欄 - 向Anne提問

職場指南:說話的藝術(shù)

Anne Fisher 2011年09月27日

Anne Fisher為《財富》雜志《向Anne提問》的專欄作者,這個職場專欄始于1996年,幫助讀者適應(yīng)經(jīng)濟的興衰起落、行業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)換,以及工作中面臨的各種困惑。
無論是“山谷女郎”式的講話方式,還是一些發(fā)聲性抽搐的壞毛病,都會威脅到個人職業(yè)生涯的發(fā)展。本文為你介紹如何培養(yǎng)更符合職業(yè)規(guī)范的講話方式。

????1. 尋求真實的反饋。改變說話習(xí)慣就像改變?nèi)魏涡袨榉绞揭粯?,第一步就是要認清問題所在。楊克開始一個階段的培訓(xùn)時,往往先要把客戶的說話內(nèi)容錄下來,然后和客戶一起回顧檢查,找出問題。“當(dāng)人們看到自己的舉止,聽到自己的說話方式時,往往會大吃一驚。實際上,我們中的大多數(shù)人并不了解自己在與別人接觸時的真實狀態(tài)。”

????值得信任的朋友和同事都可以為此提供建議。另外,公司的人事部也可以針對公司內(nèi)部的“潛力股”——比如你的隊友那樣的員工,開展幾期相關(guān)的專業(yè)培訓(xùn)。

????2. 參加國際演講會(Toastmasters International)。 這個組織在全球16個國家擁有13,000個分會,也許在你們的身邊,就有一個國際演講會分會?!皣H演講會是一個非常不錯的組織,會員都在竭盡全力提高自己的講話技巧。演講會內(nèi)部總是呈現(xiàn)出一派友好的學(xué)院式氛圍,” 楊克說?!岸疫@個組織是免費的?!?/p>

????3. 研習(xí)成功人士的講話風(fēng)格。“現(xiàn)在的女性成功人士比以往任何時候都要多,所以,很容易就可以找到這樣的榜樣——她們依靠自己不凡的講話風(fēng)格贏得了如今的地位,”楊克解釋道。她向眾人推薦TED.com網(wǎng)站,里面的演講數(shù)以千計,時長都在20分鐘左右,而且演講人都非常風(fēng)趣。

????楊克還建議說:“可以去關(guān)注一下Facebook的CEO雪莉?桑德伯格,或是梅琳達?蓋茨,或百事可樂公司(Pepsico)CEO盧英德。注意一下她們講話的語速,使用停頓的技巧。只要勤加練習(xí),這些東西是每個人都可以學(xué)會的?!?/p>

????4.注意上司是如何表達觀點的。不同的企業(yè)文化,自然會有不同的溝通方式,所以有必要關(guān)注上司的講話方式?!叭绻愕纳纤局校腥四軌蚍浅S行У貍鬟_他的想法,那就注意他是怎樣做到的,然后進行模仿。”

????“不是讓你去鸚鵡學(xué)舌般的生搬硬套,而是借鑒其中可以輕松掌握的元素。歸根到底,講話最重要的是自我表達,是傳遞自己的獨到觀點時,但是要注意,我們需要展現(xiàn)的是自己最好的一面,而且展示的方式要能抓住聽者的注意力?!?/p>

????反饋:講話方式會成就一個人,也會毀掉一個人,你同意這樣的觀點嗎?哪些講話習(xí)慣會分散別人的注意力,或顯得很不專業(yè)?請留言發(fā)表您的觀點。

????譯者:李淑玉/汪皓

????1. Seek out honest feedback. As with trying to change any behavior, the first step is to become aware of it. In her coaching sessions, Jahnke usually starts by videotaping a client talking and reviewing it with the client. "People are usually surprised when they watch and hear themselves," she says. "Most of us don't really know how we're coming across."

????A trusted friend or coworker may be able to offer suggestions, or your company's human resources department may even provide a few professional coaching sessions -- especially for high-potential types like your teammate.

????1. Join Toastmasters International. With 13,000 chapters in 16 countries, Toastmasters probably has a club near you. "It is a great organization, full of people who are seriously trying to improve their speaking skills in a friendly, collegial atmosphere," Jahnke says. "And it's free."

????3. Study the speaking styles of successful people. "Women have so many more role models now than ever before, so it's easy to find executives whose speaking styles have helped to get them where they are today," notes Jahnke. She recommends checking out TED.com, which offers thousands of 20-minute talks by interesting people.

????"Look up Sheryl Sandberg at Facebook, or Melinda Gates," Jahnke suggests. "Or find YouTube videos of [Pepsico CEO] Indra Nooyi. Notice how they pace their speech, and how they use pauses. With some effort and practice, these are things anyone can learn."

????4. Take note of how higher-ups at your company express their ideas. Naturally, communication styles vary somewhat from one corporate culture to another, so it makes sense to pay attention to how people above you talk. "If there is someone who is particularly effective at getting his or her ideas across, you might emulate the way they do it," says Jahnke.

????"The idea is not to parrot someone else's speech patterns, but to adopt the elements of their style that you can comfortably learn to use," she adds. "In the end, it's still about expressing yourself and your unique ideas -- but your best self, presented in a way that will make others listen."

????Talkback: Do you agree that the way someone speaks can make or break a career? What habits of speech do you find distracting or unprofessional? Leave a comment below.

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