獨(dú)立調(diào)查人員稱蘋果iPad工廠遠(yuǎn)超一般水平
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????“工廠設(shè)施是頂級(jí)的；工作條件遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)高于平均水平?！?/p> ????公平勞工協(xié)會(huì)（Fair Labor Association）主席奧瑞特?范?希爾登在初步參觀富士康（Foxconn）工廠后對(duì)路透社（Reuters）說(shuō)了上面這番話。蘋果（Apple）的iPad正是由該工廠制造。 ????蘋果近期因?yàn)橹袊?guó)代工組裝廠的工作條件遭受了猛烈地抨擊：工人自殺屢見報(bào)端，獨(dú)角戲演員麥克?戴西發(fā)布了童工系列訪談，《紐約時(shí)報(bào)》（New York Times）刊發(fā)了頭版報(bào)道，數(shù)十萬(wàn)準(zhǔn)客戶聯(lián)名簽署請(qǐng)?jiān)笗?/p> ????本周二，蘋果首席執(zhí)行官蒂姆?庫(kù)克在主持投資者會(huì)議時(shí)遭遇的第一個(gè)問(wèn)題就是這件事。他給出了詳細(xì)的回答： ????庫(kù)克稱：“在我們這行，沒有哪家公司像蘋果一樣致力于改善工作環(huán)境?！彼€強(qiáng)調(diào)：“我們絕對(duì)不會(huì)容忍使用童工。如果發(fā)現(xiàn)哪家供應(yīng)商故意使用童工，我們一定會(huì)解除合同?！?/p> ????次日，蘋果專門聘請(qǐng)非營(yíng)利組織公平勞工協(xié)會(huì)對(duì)自己工廠展開獨(dú)立調(diào)查。本周三，該協(xié)會(huì)主席接受了路透社的長(zhǎng)篇專訪。 ????公平勞工協(xié)會(huì)的范?希爾登稱：“當(dāng)我邁進(jìn)富士康工廠時(shí)，我感到非常意外。與一般服裝廠相比，富士康工廠真的太安靜了。因此富士康肯定不存在服裝廠才有的那些問(wèn)題，例如勞動(dòng)強(qiáng)度太高、加班太頻繁和工作壓力太大等。 它的問(wèn)題可能是（這樣的環(huán)境）會(huì)讓工人感到單調(diào)、乏味，可能還會(huì)與外界產(chǎn)生距離感?！?/p> ????希爾登指出，公平勞工協(xié)會(huì)自上世紀(jì)90年代起就一直在處理中國(guó)工廠里的自殺事件。 ????希爾登說(shuō)：“這些工廠招聘了很多來(lái)自農(nóng)村的年輕人，他們都是第一次背井離鄉(xiāng)。他們從農(nóng)村生活方式轉(zhuǎn)向城市工業(yè)化生活方式。很多時(shí)候，這種變化相當(dāng)劇烈，會(huì)給這些年輕人帶來(lái)巨大的震動(dòng)。” ????希爾登補(bǔ)充道：“我們發(fā)現(xiàn)，他們經(jīng)常需要某種精神上的關(guān)懷，但又無(wú)法得到滿足?！焙芏喙S一開始并沒有意識(shí)到工人們需要精神上的關(guān)懷。 ????無(wú)論是有心還是無(wú)意，范?希爾登的評(píng)價(jià)都支持了庫(kù)克的辯解，即蘋果的大部分競(jìng)爭(zhēng)者也都同樣在使用這些工廠代工，其中，蘋果在改善工作條件方面的力度最大，最后卻只有蘋果背上了罵名。 ????貢品勞工協(xié)會(huì)的調(diào)查尚未全面展開，范?希爾登在這個(gè)時(shí)候就給出這樣的正面評(píng)價(jià)顯得有些奇怪。 ????戴西說(shuō)：“我當(dāng)時(shí)就震驚了。調(diào)查尚未開始就對(duì)涉事公司妄下斷語(yǔ)，我不知道還會(huì)有哪個(gè)勞工團(tuán)體認(rèn)為這是妥當(dāng)?shù)男袨椤！贝魑鞔饲霸谥袊?guó)深圳發(fā)回的報(bào)道引起了國(guó)際社會(huì)對(duì)當(dāng)?shù)馗皇靠倒S問(wèn)題的關(guān)注。 ????譯者：項(xiàng)航 |
????"The facilities are first-class; the physical conditions are way, way above average of the norm." ????That's Auret van Heerden, president of the Fair Labor Association, speaking to Reuters after an initial visit to the Foxconn factory where Apple's (AAPL) iPads are built. ????Apple has been hit with a barrage of criticism over the working conditions in the Chinese factories where its products are assembled: from newspaper reports of worker suicides, by monologist Mike Daisey's interviews with underage workers, by a front-page exposé in the New York Times, by petitions signed by hundreds of thousands of would-be customers. ????It was the first question put to CEO Tim Cook at an investor conference Tuesday, and he answered at length: ????"No one in our industry is doing more to improve working conditions than Apple," he said. "We think the use of underage labor is abhorrent," he added. "If we find a supplier that intentionally hires underage labor, it's a firing offense." ????The next day, the president of the non-profit organization Apple has invited to conduct an independent investigation gave a long interview to Reuters: ????"I was very surprised when I walked onto the floor at Foxconn, how tranquil it is compared with a garment factory," said the FLA's van Heerden. "So the problems are not the intensity and burnout and pressure-cooker environment you have in a garment factory. It's more a function of monotony, of boredom, of alienation perhaps." ????He noted that the organization has been dealing with suicides in Chinese factories since the 1990s. ????"You have lot of young people, coming from rural areas, away from families for the first time," he said. "They're taken from a rural into an industrial lifestyle, often quite an intense one, and that's quite a shock to these young workers. ????"And we find that they often need some kind of emotional support, and they can't get it," he added. Factories initially didn't realize those workers needed emotional support." ????Whether intended or not, van Heerden's remarks served to support Cook's contention that no one has done more than Apple to address the working conditions at factories most of its competitors use, but for which it's taken all the heat. ????Some found it odd that van Heerden would grant any kind interview at this stage in the FLA's investigation. ????"I'm flabbergasted," says Daisey, whose reporting out of China's Shenzhen city helped draw international attention to the problems there. "I know of no labor group that thinks it appropriate to comment on a company it's investigating before that investigation has even begun." |
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