數(shù)據(jù)科學(xué)家緊俏，數(shù)學(xué)背景并非必須
|
????親愛(ài)的安妮：我恐怕要被一家大型投行裁員了（公司最近宣布要進(jìn)行重組），我不想再去找另一個(gè)華爾街的工作，而是想進(jìn)入其它領(lǐng)域。傳統(tǒng)經(jīng)驗(yàn)告訴我們，如果要轉(zhuǎn)行的話，盡量去那些增長(zhǎng)空間大的行業(yè)。我近來(lái)讀到一些報(bào)道，說(shuō)大數(shù)據(jù)的使用在企業(yè)界呈現(xiàn)激增之勢(shì)。我在想，進(jìn)入那個(gè)領(lǐng)域有什么要求嗎？ ????我有一些關(guān)于計(jì)量經(jīng)濟(jì)建模的工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)，而且我在工作中也學(xué)習(xí)了一些基本的編程技術(shù)，不過(guò)我既不是統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)家，也不是數(shù)學(xué)家或是軟件專家。我還有機(jī)會(huì)嗎？那些尋找大數(shù)據(jù)人才的雇主需要我們具備哪些技能？——“我不是愛(ài)因斯坦” ????“不是愛(ài)因斯坦”：有一點(diǎn)你說(shuō)得很對(duì)，所謂的大數(shù)據(jù)——又叫做數(shù)據(jù)分析或預(yù)測(cè)分析，是一個(gè)增長(zhǎng)非常迅速的領(lǐng)域，而且催生出了很多的工作機(jī)會(huì)。根據(jù)就業(yè)市場(chǎng)分析公司W(wǎng)anted Analytics的統(tǒng)計(jì)，目前網(wǎng)絡(luò)上招聘數(shù)據(jù)分析師的廣告一共有31000多條，比2011年4月猛增了46%，如果從2009年4月算起，上漲了246%。這些招聘廣告里給出的年薪從73450美元到89750美元不等。（可能要比你在華爾街掙得少很多，不過(guò)你可能已經(jīng)知道，華爾街幾乎到處都可能要減薪，對(duì)吧？） ????很明顯，對(duì)大數(shù)據(jù)人才的需求將繼續(xù)迅猛增長(zhǎng)。據(jù)一家名叫New Vantage Partners的咨詢公司最近對(duì)“財(cái)富美國(guó)500強(qiáng)”企業(yè)的調(diào)查顯示，85%的500強(qiáng)企業(yè)要么已經(jīng)推出了大數(shù)據(jù)項(xiàng)目，要么正打算這么做，而且在未來(lái)幾年里，他們花在數(shù)據(jù)分析上的投資將平均上漲36%。無(wú)怪乎《哈佛商業(yè)評(píng)論》（Harvard Business Review）在去年十月的一篇文章中，將數(shù)據(jù)分析稱做“21世紀(jì)最熱門(mén)的職業(yè)?！?/p> ????行業(yè)龍頭費(fèi)埃哲公司（FICO）的首席分析官安德魯?詹寧思指出：“目前對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)學(xué)家的需求顯然超過(guò)了供給，這種現(xiàn)象已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)了幾年了?！辟M(fèi)埃哲公司的總部位于美國(guó)的圣何塞，主要負(fù)責(zé)為政府機(jī)構(gòu)和銀行、保險(xiǎn)、醫(yī)療、零售等行業(yè)的客戶運(yùn)作大數(shù)據(jù)項(xiàng)目。該公司目前約有250名數(shù)據(jù)學(xué)家。詹寧斯還表示：“我們一直想招聘更多的數(shù)據(jù)學(xué)家?！?/p> ????要想找到這樣一份工作，必須滿足什么條件呢？這個(gè)問(wèn)題看似簡(jiǎn)單，實(shí)則復(fù)雜。大數(shù)據(jù)領(lǐng)域的發(fā)展非常迅速，而且要求一些不同尋常的技能組合，各個(gè)公司的招聘標(biāo)準(zhǔn)也是五花八門(mén)。比如有些雇主可能要求你掌握某種特定的編程語(yǔ)言，但有些公司就根本沒(méi)有這種要求。 ????費(fèi)埃哲公司自己就是一個(gè)例子。如果你應(yīng)聘這家公司的話，你的計(jì)量建模和基礎(chǔ)編程能力將會(huì)為你加分不少。詹寧斯表示：“我們通常會(huì)招聘有某些量化分析背景的人，從純粹的數(shù)學(xué)和工程學(xué)背景，到統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)和計(jì)量建模背景都可以。如果你能夠?qū)懢幋a，把數(shù)據(jù)集鏈接到一塊兒，對(duì)于應(yīng)聘也是有幫助的?！闭矊幩棺约壕褪菍W(xué)計(jì)量經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)出身。 |
????Dear Annie: I am expecting to be laid off by a major investment bank (as part of a restructuring the company recently announced) and, instead of trying to find another Wall Street job, I'd like to go into some other business. The conventional wisdom about changing careers is, go where there is lots of growth, and I keep reading about the explosion in companies' use of Big Data, so I'm wondering: What would it take to get a foot in the door in that field? ????I have some on-the-job experience with econometric modeling, and I've picked up some basic programming skills along the way, but I'm neither a statistician, a mathematician, nor a software expert. Do I have a shot anyway? What skills are Big Data employers looking for? -- No Einstein ????Dear N.E.: You're certainly right that Big Data -- also called data analytics or predictive analytics -- is growing fast and generating loads of new jobs. Online help-wanted ads for data analysis mavens have shot up 46% since April 2011, and 246% since April 2009, to over 31,000 openings now, according to job-market trackers Wanted Analytics. Salaries mentioned in those job ads range from $73,450 to $89,750. (That's probably a lot less than you've been making on Wall Street -- but then, you already know that almost anywhere you go from there is likely to involve a pay cut, right?) ????The phenomenal growth in demand for Big Data talent is apparently set to continue. A recent survey of Fortune 500 companies, by consultants New Vantage Partners, found that 85% have either launched Big Data projects or are planning to do so, and that their spending on data analysis will jump by an average of 36% over the next several years. No wonder, then, thatHarvard Business Review, in an article last October, called data analytics "the sexiest job of the 21st century." ????"Demand for data scientists is definitely outstripping supply," notes Andrew Jennings. "It has been for a few years now." Jennings is chief analytics officer at FICO, one of the giants in the industry. Based in San Jose, FICO tackles Big Data projects for clients in banking, insurance, health care, retail, and government agencies worldwide. The firm now employs about 250 data scientists and, says Jennings, "we're looking for more all the time." ????So what does it take to get one of those jobs? That's a more complicated question than it might seem. The field has grown so quickly and seems to call for such unusual combinations of skills, that specific hiring criteria are all over the map. For instance, some employers require you to know a particular set of programming languages, while others couldn't care less. ????FICO (FICO) is a case in point. On the one hand, if you apply there, your experience with econometric modeling and basic programming could come in handy. "We usually hire people with some quant background, from pure math and engineering to statistics to econometric models," says Jennings, whose own background is in econometrics. "It also helps to be able to write enough code to link data sets together." |
最新文章