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專欄 - 向Anne提問(wèn)

員工的創(chuàng)意成果應(yīng)該歸雇主所有嗎?

Anne Fisher 2013年12月25日

Anne Fisher為《財(cái)富》雜志《向Anne提問(wèn)》的專欄作者,這個(gè)職場(chǎng)專欄始于1996年,幫助讀者適應(yīng)經(jīng)濟(jì)的興衰起落、行業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)換,以及工作中面臨的各種困惑。
目前,一些公司將競(jìng)業(yè)禁止協(xié)議推向一個(gè)新的高度,要求員工簽署協(xié)議,放棄對(duì)自己創(chuàng)意的所有權(quán)利,不論是過(guò)去的、現(xiàn)在的還是未來(lái)的創(chuàng)意。如何保護(hù)自己在業(yè)余時(shí)間、利用個(gè)人資源創(chuàng)造的智慧結(jié)晶?專家有高招。

????然而,有時(shí)候很難證明某件發(fā)明誕生的具體時(shí)間,這也是許多大規(guī)模法律訴訟的爭(zhēng)議焦點(diǎn)。所以,為了在未來(lái)可能發(fā)生的法律訴訟中保護(hù)自己,洛貝爾建議保留詳盡的記錄。她說(shuō):“記錄下項(xiàng)目目前的進(jìn)度,意味著你在接受這份工作之前已經(jīng)完成了多少。你可以將信息通過(guò)信件形式發(fā)送給自己,上面的郵戳可以證明日期。你也可以將到目前為止的成果進(jìn)行公證,如此一來(lái),你不僅有日期,還有公證人作證。”

????“然后開(kāi)始寫(xiě)日記,記錄下業(yè)余工作的時(shí)間,以此來(lái)證明在被聘用之后,你是在利用自己的時(shí)間(比如在晚上和周末)搞發(fā)明創(chuàng)造。不要忘記使用完全不同的工具和設(shè)備,比如不要用白天上班所用的筆記本?!?/p>

????洛貝爾表示,剛開(kāi)始一份新的工作,就要為未來(lái)可能發(fā)生的對(duì)抗采取預(yù)防措施,這或許會(huì)讓你感覺(jué)不自在,“就像人們不喜歡婚前協(xié)議一樣”,但在目前情況下,你別無(wú)選擇。

????她補(bǔ)充說(shuō):“我認(rèn)為,這并不是公司與員工之間的問(wèn)題,而是公司之間的對(duì)抗。歸根結(jié)底還是商業(yè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。畢竟,雇主還是要進(jìn)行招聘,他們希望找到最優(yōu)秀的員工。從長(zhǎng)期來(lái)看,這種限制性的、無(wú)效率的協(xié)議對(duì)公司也沒(méi)有幫助。公共政策必須努力推動(dòng)允許人才自由流動(dòng)?!?/p>

????許多地方正在朝這一方向努力。所以,祝你好運(yùn)。(財(cái)富中文網(wǎng))

????反饋:你是否曾被要求簽署轉(zhuǎn)讓協(xié)議?歡迎評(píng)論。

????譯者:劉進(jìn)龍/汪皓

????Sometimes, however, it's hard to prove when something was invented, and that's been a major point of contention in a few big lawsuits. So, to protect yourself in the event of legal action down the road, Lobel recommends that you keep meticulous records. "Document where you are in your project right now, meaning how much of it you completed before taking this job," she says. "You can mail the information to yourself, so you have a postmark that shows the date. Or get your work product up to now notarized, so you have both the date and an impartial witness.

????"Then start a diary, keeping track of your hours so you can show that, after you were hired, you worked on your invention on your own time, evenings and weekends. Don't forget to use entirely separate tools and devices, like a separate laptop from the one you use for your day job."

????Lobel notes that you might be ill at ease with the idea of starting a new job while taking precautions against future antagonism -- "It's the same reason lots of people don't like prenuptial agreements" -- but, as things stand, you have little choice.

????"To me, the issue is not companies vs. employees, it's companies vs. companies," she adds. "It's all about how businesses compete. After all, employers also have to recruit people, and they want the best employees they can get. So in the long run, these restrictive, inefficient contracts don't help them either. Public policy has to move toward allowing the free flow of talent."

????In a few places, it's already going that way. Even so, good luck.

????Talkback: Have you ever been asked to sign an assignment agreement? Leave a comment below.

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