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專欄 - 財(cái)富書簽

華爾街輪回:光環(huán)、財(cái)富與迷失的靈魂

Daniel Roberts 2014年02月26日

《財(cái)富》書簽(Weekly Read)專欄專門刊載《財(cái)富》雜志(Fortune)編輯團(tuán)隊(duì)的書評(píng),解讀商界及其他領(lǐng)域的新書。我們每周都會(huì)選登一篇新的評(píng)論。
《華爾街的年輕人》為我們呈現(xiàn)了這個(gè)財(cái)富之都永無(wú)止境的輪回:一代又一代的年輕人來(lái)到華爾街淘金,野心勃勃地往上爬,為此甘心忍受煉獄一般的生活。好不容易熬到50多歲,功成名就,成為華爾街的主宰,新一代的野心家已經(jīng)開始冒頭。

????如果你住在紐約,你肯定熟悉華爾街青年才俊的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)形象:深色西裝,寬領(lǐng)帶,一絲不茍的發(fā)型,一副與娃娃臉極不相稱的生意人派頭。哦,對(duì)了,他們正在賺很多很多的錢。

????但事實(shí)證明,財(cái)富不是天上掉下來(lái)的。這份工作就是他們的生活。頂頭上司就是他們的主人。iPhone一響,你的朋友就必須離開電影院,直奔辦公室。

????在凱文?盧斯的最新佳作《華爾街的年輕人》(Young Money)一書中,一位華爾街高級(jí)經(jīng)理人這樣教導(dǎo)一位工作勁頭十足的年輕人:“幫助這個(gè)世界固然很了不起,但你需要金錢激勵(lì)?!卑蠢碚f,這番話應(yīng)該讓我們感到震驚。但在許多了解金融世界真相的人士看來(lái),這只不過證實(shí)了他們已有的看法。

????因此,目前還不清楚誰(shuí)才是《華爾街的年輕人》瞄準(zhǔn)的目標(biāo)受眾。紐約媒體界正在熱議這本書,但對(duì)于那個(gè)世界(無(wú)論是財(cái)經(jīng)記者,銀行家自己,還是任何一位供職于曼哈頓、舊金山或波士頓的商界人士)來(lái)說,“年輕的銀行家們過得并不開心”已經(jīng)算不上什么新聞。盧斯描繪的圖景或許真的會(huì)讓許多遠(yuǎn)離權(quán)力中心的美國(guó)人感到震驚,受到啟發(fā),因?yàn)樗麄冊(cè)静⒉涣私膺@一群體,不清楚這份工作并不那么光鮮的日常要求。但他們到底有多關(guān)心這檔事?

????然而,《華爾街的年輕人》是一本非常有意思,毫無(wú)閱讀障礙的好書,它會(huì)讓你開懷大笑,但也有可能讓你嗤之以鼻。切爾西對(duì)剛剛領(lǐng)到手的2.5萬(wàn)美元獎(jiǎng)金很不滿意。德里克進(jìn)入金融界是因?yàn)?,“我想讓那幫認(rèn)為我愚蠢到家的高中同學(xué)睜開狗眼,好好見識(shí)一下我的能耐?!彼浅U湎ё约旱摹敖灰淄婢摺保ā案愣?,絕世大帥哥”是他慶賀大交易的口頭禪),喜歡在睡覺前盯著它們看。J.P.時(shí)常播放說唱歌曲《早死快活》(Live Fast, Die Young),以尋找靈感。但他聽歌時(shí)戴著耳機(jī),坐在辦公桌旁,因?yàn)樗偸仟?dú)自一人,疲憊不堪地鼓搗各種數(shù)字,一直至深夜。

????如果盧斯有一個(gè)使命,那就是告訴美國(guó)人,華爾街“往上爬的人們”在熬到某個(gè)級(jí)別之前其實(shí)非常忙碌,沮喪且孤獨(dú),尤其是,累得要死。他們過著一種不健康的生活方式,無(wú)論是就身體,還是就情緒而言。盧斯筆下的主人公之一患上了一種殘酷的疾病,這也許與他的工作壓力不無(wú)關(guān)系。在工作的重壓下,他們的許多關(guān)系轟然崩潰;這些年輕人一次又一次地取消與女友共進(jìn)晚餐的約定。

????對(duì)所有這一切,你或許會(huì)翻個(gè)白眼,“唏噓一番”。你或許會(huì)對(duì)那位大學(xué)畢業(yè)第一年就賺到了15萬(wàn)美元年薪、但過度勞累的22歲年輕人表示憐憫。盧斯承認(rèn),這條路是這些年輕人自己選的;在金融圈以外就職的同齡人看來(lái),讓銀行家們倍感失望的年薪額簡(jiǎn)直就是天文數(shù)字。(“J.P.知道,普羅大眾是不會(huì)同情他的,因?yàn)樵谄渌袠I(yè),一位24歲的年輕人能拿到9萬(wàn)美元的年薪仍然是一個(gè)巨大的成就?!保┑ǔ2粫?huì)就此發(fā)表評(píng)論。

????這本書的亮點(diǎn)之一是一段圍繞德意志銀行(Deutsche Bank)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分析師樸秀珍(盧斯筆下8個(gè)主人公中僅有的兩位女性之一)展開的討論。這位樂觀的衛(wèi)爾斯利女子學(xué)院(Wellesley College)畢業(yè)生“很快就發(fā)現(xiàn),她就職的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理部依然是男人的天下?!痹跇阈阏渌诘牟块T,只有她沒有達(dá)到行政助理級(jí)別。她的經(jīng)歷給了盧斯一個(gè)機(jī)會(huì),來(lái)討論華爾街女性的處境這個(gè)重要的議題。他解釋說,“女性在金融職場(chǎng)的進(jìn)展一直比表面看起來(lái)的情形更加微弱,”隨即列舉了詳實(shí)的數(shù)據(jù)證實(shí)自己的這種判斷。

????If you live in New York City, you know the young Wall Street type: dark suit, wide-knot tie, meticulous hair, and an all-business demeanor that contradicts the baby face. Oh, and they're making a ton of money.

????But it turns out that wealth isn't free. The job is their life. The hours are excessive -- and not limited to the workweek. Their superiors own them. One iPhone ping and your friend must leave the movie and head to her office.

????At one point in Young Money, the well-written new book by Kevin Roose, a senior associate at a Wall Street firm lectures a young go-getter: "Helping the world is great and all, but you need to be motivated by money." We're meant to find such a quote shocking. But many who follow the world of finance will see it as confirming what they already thought.

????Thus, it's unclear who the audience really is for Young Money. The New York media world is buzzing about it, but the revelation that young bankers are unhappy does not constitute news for that world -- neither for financial journalists, nor for the bankers themselves, nor for any person working in business in Manhattan, San Francisco, or Boston. The picture Roose paints may indeed shock and enlighten the legions of people in America who live away from the power centers and are thus not already acquainted with young bankers or aware of the less glamorous, day-to-day demands of the job. But how much do they really care?

????Nevertheless, Young Money is a fun and fast read that will make you laugh out loud, or perhaps scoff instead. Chelsea isn't satisfied with her $25,000 bonus. Derrick entered finance because, "I want all those people in high school who thought I was stupid to fucking suck it." He cherishes his "deal toys" ("clear, Lucite hunks" commemorating big deals) and likes to look at them before bed. J.P. plays the rap song "Live Fast, Die Young" for inspiration -- but he's listening on headphones, at his desk, where he's crunching numbers into the night, alone, tired.

????If Roose has a mission, it's to inform America that until they hit a certain job level, Wall Street's ladder-climbers are in fact harried, frustrated, lonely, and, above all, dead tired. They lead an unhealthy lifestyle, physically and emotionally. One of Roose's subjects develops a brutal disease, perhaps not unrelated to his work stress. Many of their relationships collapse under the weight of their work; dinners out with girlfriends are cancelled night after night.

????Your reaction to all of this may be "boo-hoo" and an eye-roll. Pity the poor, overworked 22-year-old making $150,000 in her first year out of college. Roose acknowledges that these people have chosen this path, and that the sums they find disappointing are staggering to most of their non-banking peers. ("J.P. knew he wouldn't find much sympathy on Main Street, where being paid $90,000 as a twenty-four-year-old was still a tremendous accomplishment.") But in general, he resists from commentary.

????One highlight is the discussion around Soo-jin Park, a risk analyst at Deutsche Bank (DB) and one of only two women among Roose's eight subjects. An optimistic Wellesley College grad, Soo-jin "quickly discovered that her risk management group was still a man's world." She is the only female in her division who is not an administrative assistant. Her experience affords Roose the opportunity to discuss the important issue of women on Wall Street. "Women's progress in finance has been somewhat shallower than it appears," he explains, backing it up with numbers.

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